Humic acid plays an important role in the distribution of heavy metals in the environment. The aims of this study were conducted to evaluate the spectroscopic characteristics and aluminum (Al) adsorption of humic acids which were extracted from four composts. The functional groups were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and solid-state 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 13 C-NMR). The results showed that the aromatic groups were all found in the humic acids of the four composts, and the surface of humic acids included carboxylic group, hydroxylic group, and amino group. The experiment of Al adsorption was described by Freundlich equation. It showed that the adsorption of Al by humic acid from compost of cattle manure was higher, but that from the compost of pig manure, lemon manure, tea manure in equal preparation was lower. The adsorptive behavior was different due to the interaction by functional groups (-OH and -COOH) with Al. These results can describe the fate and transportation of Al in the soil of different organic fertilizer.
Black carbons (BCs) have been reported to exhibit an extremely strong sorption of organic compounds in the environment. The basic physicochemical properties of two selected black carbons characterized and showed mainly non-polar. The polarity of BC1 was slightly higher than BC2. Sorption coefficients of selected organic compounds on two BCs were investigated by a reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) method. Sorption coefficients of organic chemicals on BC1 were larger than those on BC2 because BC1 had more surface area. Normalized surface area sorption coefficients of BC2 were larger than those of BC1, indicating that not only surface area but surface heterogeneity is also responsible for the resulting sorption capacity. By the regression of the sorption coefficients of organic compounds on these black carbons with the properties of organic compounds, two linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) equations were obtained. The main interactions involved in the adsorption process are generally London dispersion forces and ʌ-and n-pair electron interactions. These LSERs can facilitate to predict the adsorption coefficients and evaluate the sorption mechanism of organic contaminants on black carbons through the molecular properties of sorbates and sorbents.
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