Photodetectors hold a critical position in optoelectronic integrated circuits, and they convert light into electricity. Over the past decades, high-performance photodetectors (PDs) have been aggressively pursued to enable high-speed, large-bandwidth, and low-noise communication applications. Various material systems have been explored and different structures designed to improve photodetection capability as well as compatibility with CMOS circuits. In this paper, we review state-of-theart photodetection technologies in the telecommunications spectrum based on different material systems, including traditional semiconductors such as InGaAs, Si, Ge and HgCdTe, as well as recently developed systems such as low-dimensional materials (e.g. graphene, carbon nanotube, etc.) and noble metal plasmons. The corresponding material properties, fundamental mechanisms, fabrication, theoretical modelling and performance of the typical PDs are presented, including the emerging directions and perspectives of the PDs for optoelectronic integration applications are discussed.
Based on exact analytical solutions to the Maxwell equations, we present design concepts for high-performance photonic and plasmonic nano-cavities including gap modes, Fabry-Pérot modes, collective Mie resonances, Feshbach-type BIC modes, and photonic flat bands.
A Silicon Optical Interposer for 2.5D integration of high speed electrical and optical circuit is proposed here. The Si Interposer functions as a Base Substrate for optical alignment of the Photonic IC and the fibers which are held in a Si Fiber Block or integrate directly. The alignment is semi passive, it utilizes a set of U-grooves with submicron accuracy and Dummy Fiber’s cylindrical face for self-alignment. The Photonic IC and the Fiber Block are faced down assembled on the Si Interposer. Electrical connections are made using flip chip micro bumps between the Photonic IC and the Si Interposer.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.