Previous studies have shown that physicochemical properties of hair can be impacted by internal and environmental exposures ranging from chemical stressors to weather. Besides the effects on hair, these exposures, termed “exposome”, can act on specific organs including skin, as a synergistic damaging effect of UV exposure and pollution on human surfaces. The combination of several environmental factors such as sun exposure, temperature, relative humidity, air pollution and photo-oxidation caused by ground level ozone impacts hair properties such as melanin oxidation, protein content, surface quality and structural components. Therefore, exposome studies can reveal new hypotheses on how epithelia and hair could be affected by daily life environment and routine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of several environmental aggressors on human surfaces, using portable and wearable devices for monitoring exposome. To better understand the underlying mechanisms associated with environmental factors, two subjects wore multiple sensors to capture the meteorological conditions biking through urban areas in summer and winter. Temperature, humidity, UV radiation and ozone concentration were recorded and hair swatches of different types, including natural, bleached/colored, colored and gray, were exposed on the helmets. Silicon wristbands were used on skin to identify main chemical aggressors. After exposure, hair swatches were analyzed by surface microscopy analysis, oxidation markers and more than 1,500 chemicals were evaluated on the bracelets. Correlated with GPS and monitoring data, all these results provide insights on how environmental stressors affect the quality of different hair types and body surface according to exposure routine. Our results suggest extreme climate conditions associated with hair damage and photo-oxidative marker linked to the environmental aggressors. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) indicate possible causes of hair damages. This is the first meteorotropic study of its kind, combining environmental aggressors related to hair damage, opening new research hypothesis further studies on exposome.
A temperatura basal inferior (Tb) é uma variável de entrada muito utilizada em modelos que quantificam o desenvolvimento de culturas agrícolas e florestais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a Tb para o desenvolvimento vegetativo na fase de muda, para duas cultivares de oliveira, Grappolo e Maria da Fé, em condições de campo. O estudo foi desenvolvido na área Experimental da Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, em Maria da Fé, MG, Brasil, conduzido sob o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, sendo duas cultivares de oliveira, três épocas de transplantio, e quinze repetições. A Tb foi estimada através de seis métodos, cujos valores obtidos variaram em função do método de cálculo utilizado. A Tb estimada foi de 9,6 ºC para a Grappolo e 6,9 ºC para a Maria da Fé. Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento, Temperatura do ar, Fenologia, Olea europaea L. ABSTRACT: ESTIMATE OF THE BASE TEMPERATURE IN TWO OLIVE CULTIVARS:GRAPPOLO AND MARIA DA FÉ The base temperature (Tb) is an input variable widely used in models of agricultural and forest crops development. The aim of this study was to estimate the Tb for vegetative development, represented by seedling phase in two olive cultivars under field conditions. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area of the Agricultural Research Corporation of Minas Gerais, in Maria da Fé, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized with two olive cultivars, three transplanting dates and fifteen repetitions. The Tb was estimated by six methods described in literature, whose values varied depending on each method of calculation. The estimated Tb was 9.6 ºC for Grappolo and 6.9 ºC to Maria da Fé, respectively.
The adverse effects of climate change may affect work conducted outdoors. For this reason, this study seeks to evaluate these effects by comparing South American work capacity under climate conditions between 1979 and 2005, as well as expected future climate scenarios from 2071 to 2100. Thermal stress was estimated using the Environmental Stress Index (ESI), based on atmospheric variables for climate projections from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The results indicate that, even in favorable climate scenarios, outdoor manual labor capacity will be reduced by 25 to 50% by the end of the 21st century in basically all of South America, especially in the Amazonian regions, parts of the north and northeast of Brazil, and in vast regions from Paraguay to Suriname. There is an overall pessimistic outlook with respect to outdoor working conditions during common labor hours due to increases in the greenhouse effect.
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