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In an attempt to describe and explain doctors’ preferences for antibiotics, a survey was performed in a major university hospital. A questionnaire was filled out by 75.1 per cent (160) of the interns and residents on all the services in the hospital. In addition, every inpatient who received ampicillin during aperiod of 6 weeks was followed so as to compare actual utilization and performance of this antibiotic with the usage reported in the questionnaire. The results illustrate the diversity of motivations involved in the prescribing habits of the physicians surveyed and the serious disagreement between some of the practices and opinions of the house staff and those of infectious disease experts at the same institution.

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