Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin and mucous membrane presented with various clinical appearances. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the clinical profile of patients with OLP. Material and Methods: The dental records of 102 patients who visited Oral Medicine Clinic, Dental Hospital, Naresuan University during 2002-2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: There were 75 (73.5%) women and 27 (26.5%) men, giving a female to male ratio of 2.8:1. The age of OLP patients ranged 20-81 years old with the mean age of 56.4 ± 13.2 years old. Seventy-eight patients (76.5%) had the history of systemic diseases and hypertension was the predominantly one. Most patients were non-smokers (98%), non-drinkers (86.3%) and non-betel nut chewers (98%). The atrophic form (93.1%) was the most common OLP. The lesions were mainly symptomatic (92.2%) and involved multiple locations (67.6%) where the buccal mucosa (79.4%) primarily affected. Only 2% were extraoral lesions detected on the skin. Patients had no family history of OLP or malignant transformation. Ninety-one patients (89.2%) were treated with topical steroid and only 4 patients were prescribed a combination of topical and systemic steroid. Conclusions: The results of the study indicated that most of characteristics are in accordance with previous studies. Since, OLP is a chronic inflammatory oral mucosal disease with high recurrence rate, early detection, accurately diagnosis, and long-term follow-up are necessary to evaluate the exacerbation and malignant transformation.
Background The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in pleural mesothelioma has recently been established. The response to ICIs can be predicted by quantitative analysis of cells and their spatial distribution in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the detailed composition of the TME in pleural mesothelioma has not been reported. We evaluated the association between the TME and response to ICIs in this cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis of 22 pleural mesothelioma patients treated with nivolumab in different centers was performed using surgical specimens. Four patients had a partial response to nivolumab (response group) and 18 patients had stable or progressive disease (nonresponse group). The number of CD4, CD8, FoxP3, CK, and PD‐L1 positive cells, cell density, and cell‐to‐cell distance were analyzed by multiplex immunofluorescence. Results PD‐L1 expression did not differ significantly between the response and nonresponse groups. The density of total T cells and of CD8+ T cells was significantly higher in the response than in the nonresponse group. CD8+ T cells were more clustered and located closer to tumor cells, whereas regulatory T cells were located further from tumor cells in the response than in the nonresponse group. Conclusions High density and spatial proximity of CD8+ T cells to tumor cells were associated with better response to nivolumab, whereas the proximity of regulatory T cells to tumor cells was associated with worse response, suggesting that the distinct landscape of the TME could be a potential predictor of ICI efficacy in pleural mesothelioma.
The World Health Organization (WHO) aims to strengthen oral health promotion and disease prevention around the globe. The prevalence and association of systemic diseases and oral diseases has been reported. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to investigate prevalence of medical conditions and oral diseases in elderly Thai dental patients. Methods: Three hundred dental records of patient aged 60 years old and older were retrospectively reviewed. Data were analyzed using Pearson's Chi-square and Fisher›s exact test with the significant level at p < 0.05. Results: All of them were Thai of 142 males (47.3%) and 158 females (52.7%). Their age ranged between 60 and 85 years old with an average age of 66.1 ± 5.4 years old. Two third of patients had the history of systemic diseases (66.3%) and hypertension (10.3%) was the predominant one. Eighty-nine percent of patients had oral health problems. Fifteen percent were currently on antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs, and 15.4% had the history of drug allergy. The most prevalent oral diseases were tooth loss (87.7%) followed by periodontal diseases (80.0%), tooth wear (66.0%), dental caries (65.3%) and pulp diseases (54.0%). The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions, temporomandibular disorder and orofacial pain were 23.7%, 1.6% and 1.6%, respectively. Conclusion: The present study provides the information of medical conditions and oral diseases in a group of older Thai dental patients in the lower northern Thailand.
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