-The objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of the BoLA-DRB3 gene polymorphism to define the phenotypic value of somatic cell count of 808 Polish Holstein cows. The cows were fathered by 190 sires. The PCR-RFLP alleles were identified with the BstYI, HaeIII, and RsaI restriction enzymes. For statistical analysis, 17 alleles whose frequencies in the herds were equal to or higher than 2% were selected. Somatic cell count was analyzed based either on the lactation averages or on test-day yields. Significant relationship between the occurrence of the BoLA-DRB3 gene alleles and somatic cell count were stated. In case of estimating the effects for all lactations together, the effect of substitution was observed for 11 alleles. The overall effects of four alleles (*12, *23, *24, and *ndb) were statistically significant and their effects were repeated in at least two lactations in the analysis of each lactation separately. The most numerous relationships were found for allele *24, which influences were statistically significant in lactations I to III in the analysis of all lactations together.
Acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1 (DGAT-1) is a key enzyme involved in triglyceride synthesis. DGAT-1 gene is located in the centromeric region of the bovine chromosome (BTA) 14 and considered polymorphism was identified as a candidate gene for milk and meat QTL. One of mutations which is substitution AA → GC in exon 8 causes an amino acid change in the product. The effect of the lysine/alanine (K232A) diallelic polymorphism on meat production traits has been studied. 156 young Black-and-White (Friesian) bulls were genotyped. The association between diacylglycerol acyltransferase polymorphism and slaughter performance and meat technology analysis were examined. Moreover the fatty acid profile (C12-C20:5) including CLA in the sample of longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle was evaluated. Differences (P ≤ 0,05) were found between genotypes in slaughtering performance traits as well as fat and valuable cuts content and meat-fat ratio. The significant difference occurred also in the water holding capacity. Heterozygous individuals AA:GC were characterized by the greatest values compared with homozygous ones. Bulls of DGAT-1 genotype GC:GC showed significantly higher (P ≤ 0,05) content of lauric acid in LD muscle and heterozygous animals differ in CLA content with homozygous AA:AA.
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