Development
of high-entropy alloy (HEA) films is a promising and cost-effective
way to incorporate these materials of superior properties in harsh
environments. In this work, a refractory high-entropy alloy (RHEA)
film of equimolar CuMoTaWV was deposited on silicon and 304 stainless-steel
substrates using DC-magnetron sputtering. A sputtering target was
developed by partial sintering of an equimolar powder mixture of Cu,
Mo, Ta, W, and V using spark plasma sintering. The target was used
to sputter a nanocrystalline RHEA film with a thickness of ∼900
nm and an average grain size of 18 nm. X-ray diffraction of the film
revealed a body-centered cubic solid solution with preferred orientation
in the (110) directional plane. The nanocrystalline nature of the
RHEA film resulted in a hardness of 19 ± 2.3 GPa and an elastic
modulus of 259 ± 19.2 GPa. A high compressive strength of 10
± 0.8 GPa was obtained in nanopillar compression due to solid
solution hardening and grain boundary strengthening. The adhesion
between the RHEA film and 304 stainless-steel substrates was increased
on annealing. For the wear test against the E52100 alloy steel (Grade
25, 700–880 HV) at 1 N load, the RHEA film showed an average
coefficient of friction (COF) and wear rate of 0.25 (RT) and 1.5 (300
°C), and 6.4 × 10–6 mm3/N m
(RT) and 2.5 × 10–5 mm3/N m (300
°C), respectively. The COF was found to be 2 times lower at RT
and wear rate 102 times lower at RT and 300 °C than
those of 304 stainless steel. This study may lead to the processing
of high-entropy alloy films for large-scale industrial applications.
Particulate-reinforced metal matrix composites (PRMMCs) with excellent tribo-mechanical properties are important engineering materials and have attracted constant scientific interest over the years. Among the various fabrication methods used, co-electrodeposition (CED) is valued due to its efficiency, accuracy, and affordability. However, the way this easy-to-perform process is carried out is inconsistent, with researchers using different methods for volume fraction measurement and tribo-mechanical testing, as well as failing to carry out proper interface characterization. The main contribution of this work lies in its determination of the gaps in the tribo-mechanical research of CED PRMMCs. For mechanical properties, hardness is described with respect to measurement methods, models, and experiments concerning CED PRMMCs. The tribology of such composites is described, taking into account the reinforcement volume fraction, size, and composite fabrication route (direct/pulsed current). Interfacial aspects are discussed using experimental direct strength measurements. Each part includes a critical overview, and future prospects are anticipated. This review paper provides an overview of the tribo-mechanical parameters of Ni-based co-electrodeposited particulate-reinforced metal matrix composite coatings with an interfacial viewpoint and a focus on hardness, wear, and friction behavior.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.