The duplex Doppler examination of extremities arteries is the primary diagnostic method in detecting disorders leading to lower and upper extremities blood supply disturbances. In many cases the Doppler ultrasound plays a major role in the process of qualification to the reconstructive procedures or conservative treatment, especially to the endovascular procedures. Regardless of the widespread availability and high sensitivity and specificity of this method it's burdened with serious drawbacks. The most important of them are evaluation subjectivity and variety of methods determining the haemodynamic stenosis consequences. They often cause difficulties in comparing the test results carried out in different centres and to find correlations with other imaging methods results. In order to overcome these drawbacks, Polish Society for Vascular Surgery has attempted to develop recommendations for uniform methodology of extremities arteries Doppler examination. Legal terms, the manner of examination and its interpretation were presented. Proposing the way of highlights results and messages conclusion to enable the recommendations implementation of endovascular and surgical qualifications relating to surgical treatment. We hope that these recommendations will help to standardise examination techniques.
The duplex Doppler examination of carotid and vertebral arteries is the primary diagnostic method in detecting disorders leading to the brain blood supply disturbances. In many cases, in patients with carotid artery stenosis, the Doppler ultrasound plays a major role in the process of qualification to the reconstructive procedures. Regardless of the widespread availability and high sensitivity and specificity of this method it's burdened with serious drawbacks. The most important of them are evaluation subjectivity and variety of methods to assess stenosis degree and the nature of atherosclerotic plaques. They often cause difficulties in comparing the test results carried out in different centers and to find correlations with other imaging methods results. In order to overcome these drawbacks, Polish Society for Vascular Surgery has attempted to develop recommendations for uniform methodology of carotid and vertebral arteries Doppler examination. Legal terms, the manner of examination and its interpretation were presented. Proposing the way of highlights results and messages conclusion to enable the recommendationsimplementation of endovascular and surgical qualifications relating to surgical treatment. We hope that these recommendations will help to standardize examination techniques.
Objectives: Despite encouraging results of saphenous vein sclerotherapy this method is not free of potential complications and does not guarantee a 100% rate of occlusion. In this paper, the author's own experiences with catheter-directed, tumescent solution-supported echo-guided foam sclerotherapy of the saphenous vein are presented. Material and methods: Thirty-four incompetent great saphenous veins were treated with foam sclerotherapy involving the use of long catheters and perivenous tumescent solution injection prior to foam administration. The mean length of incompetent saphenous veins was 25.5cm (range 14-39 cm). The diameters of the proximal part of the saphenous veins ranged from 5.0 to 15.0 mm. In 25 patients (71.4%), primary varicose veins were diagnosed, and in other patients either post-surgical (recurrent) or post-thrombotic saphenous veins were treated. Results: At 30-day follow up total occlusion of the entire segment of treated vein was achieved in 79.4% of cases. In one case the vein was not occluded, and in 6 patients (17.6%) a partial occlusion was revealed. In the group of 6 patients with partial vein occlusion, a repeated sclerotherapy with the use of a short catheter and ultrasound guided puncture was performed. 6 and 12 months after the procedure, 32 out of 34 obliterated veins (94.1%) remained fully occluded. The mean foam volume used for saphenous vein obliteration was 2.6 ml. No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions: Tumescent-assisted echo-guided foam sclerotherapy is a safe and clinically effective method of saphenous vein obliteration, particularly for veins with no history of a previous thrombosis or surgical treatment.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.