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Sports related injuries such as impact and stress fractures often require a rehabilitation program to stimulate bone formation and accelerate fracture healing. This review introduces a recently developed joint loading modality and evaluates its potential applications to bone formation and fracture healing in post-injury rehabilitation. Bone is a dynamic tissue whose structure is constantly altered in response to its mechanical environments. Indeed, many loading modalities can influence the bone remodeling process. The joint loading modality is, however, able to enhance anabolic responses and accelerate wound healing without inducing significant in situ strain at the site of bone formation or fracture healing. This review highlights the unique features of this loading modality and discusses its potential underlying mechanisms as well as possible clinical applications.

Cooling of the xenon nozzle flow to T = 230 K produces three leading effects. They are (1) a ∼2.5-fold enhancement of the Xe(L) hollow atom emission on the single-vacancy 3d → 2p charge state arrays, (2) the production of amplifying self-trapped plasma channels with significantly enhanced lengths and (3) very sharply augmented emission on (2s2p) Xe(L) double-vacancy transitions in the λ ∼ = 2.80 Å region.

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In this paper, a stub-loaded square ring resonator (SLSRR) is analyzed and applied to design a very simple and compact wideband bandpass filter structure. Resonant modes dependent on the structure parameters of the SLSRR are analyzed first, and then the first two modes are used to achieve a required passband. The input and output terminals are supplied with high impedance and strong coupling to provide sufficient coupling energy. Two wideband filter examples are designed, manufactured, and measured using the SLSRRs. The first filter is a wideband filter with a wide upper stopband, and the second filter is a dual wideband filter with a notched stopband between two passbands. The two filter examples are designed, fabricated, and measured to verify the design concept and present the advantages of easy design and a simple and compact structure.