The role of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancers remains largely unknown. The present study shows that neurogenin 3 directed Cre deletion of Tsc1 gene induces the development of pancreatic acinar carcinoma. By cross-breeding the Neurog3-cre mice with Tsc1loxp/loxp mice, we generated the Neurog3-Tsc1−/− transgenic mice in which Tsc1 gene is deleted and mTOR signaling activated in the pancreatic progenitor cells. All Neurog3-Tsc1−/− mice developed notable adenocarcinoma-like lesions in pancreas starting from the age of 100 days old. The tumor lesions are composed of cells with morphological and molecular resemblance to acinar cells. Metastasis of neoplasm to liver and lung was detected in 5% of animals. Inhibition of mTOR signaling by rapamycin significantly attenuated the growth of the neoplasm. Relapse of the neoplasm occurred within 14 days upon cessation of rapamycin treatment. Our studies indicate that activation of mTOR signaling in the pancreatic progenitor cells may trigger the development of acinar carcinoma. Thus, mTOR may serve as a potential target for treatment of pancreatic acinar carcinoma.
Elastography ultrasound (EUS) imaging is a vital ultrasound imaging modality. The current use of EUS faces many challenges, such as vulnerability to subjective manipulation, echo signal attenuation, and unknown risks of elastic pressure in certain delicate tissues. The hardware requirement of EUS also hinders the trend of miniaturization of ultrasound equipment. We therefore present a cost-efficient solution by designing a deep neural network to synthesize augmented reality EUS (AR-EUS) from conventional B-mode images. By using 4580 cases from 15 medical centers, we evaluate the performance of AR-EUS on breast cancer diagnosis. The quantitative metric and blind evaluation results show no significant difference between AR-EUS and real EUS in image authenticity and in clinical diagnosis. The performance of pocket-sized ultrasound in breast tumor diagnosis is also significantly improved after AR-EUS is equipped. These results highlight the potential of AR-EUS in clinical application.
Purpose The aim of this study was to analyze the role of ultrasound‐guided vacuum‐assisted excision (US‐guided VAE) in the treatment of high‐risk breast lesions and to evaluate the clinical and US features of the patients associated with recurrence or development of malignancy. Materials and methods Between April 2010 and September 2021, 73 lesions of 73 patients underwent US‐guided VAE and were diagnosed with high‐risk breast lesions. The incidence of recurrence or development of malignancy for high‐risk breast lesions was evaluated at follow‐up period. The clinical and US features of the patients were analyzed to identify the factors affecting the recurrence or development of malignancy rate. Results Only benign phyllodes tumors on US‐guided VAE showed recurrences, while other high‐risk breast lesions that were atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), lobular neoplasia (atypical lobular hyperplasia/lobular carcinoma in situ), radial scar, and flat epithelial atypia did not show recurrences or malignant transformation. The recurrence rate of the benign phyllodes tumor was 20.8% (5/24) in a mean follow‐up period of 34.3 months. The recurrence rate of benign phyllodes tumor with distance from nipple of less than 1 cm was significantly higher than that of lesions with distance from nipple of more than 1 cm (75% vs. 10%, p < 0.05). Conclusions Benign phyllodes tumors without concurrent breast cancer could be safely followed up instead of surgical excision after US‐guided VAE when the lesions were classified as BI‐RADS 3 or 4A by US.
Background To evaluate the value of ultrasound‐guided vacuum‐assisted excision (US‐guided VAE) in the treatment of intraductal papillomas, including intraductal papillomas with atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), and to evaluate the lesion characteristic features affecting the local recurrence rate. Materials and methods Between August 2011 and December 2020, 91 lesions of 91 patients underwent US‐guided VAE and were diagnosed with intraductal papilloma with or without ADH. The recurrence rate of intraductal papilloma was evaluated on follow‐up US. The lesion characteristic features were analyzed to identify the factors affecting the local recurrence rate. Results The local recurrence rate of intraductal papillomas removed by US‐guided VAE was 7.7% (7/91), with the follow‐up duration 12–92 months (37.4 ± 23.9 months). Of the 91 patients, five cases diagnosed as intraductal papilloma with ADH did not recur, with the follow‐up time 12–47 months (26.4 ± 14.4 months). There were no malignant transformation in all 91 cases during the follow‐up period. All 7 patients recurred 7–58 months (22.8 ± 19.2 months) after US‐guided VAE. There were no significant differences between the non‐recurrence and recurrence groups in terms of age, side, distance from nipple, lesion size, BI‐RADS category, with ADH, or history of excision (p > 0.05). Conclusions US‐guided VAE is an effective method for the treatment of intraductal papilloma, including intraductal papilloma with ADH. It avoids invasive surgical excision, but regular follow‐up is recommended to prevent recurrence or new onset due to multifocality. Any suspicious lesions during the follow‐up should be actively treated.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.