To investigate the association of KIAA0319 gene polymorphisms and developmental dyslexia in individuals of Uyghurian descent. Eighteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of gene KIAA0319 were screened in a group of 196 patients with dyslexia and 196 controls of Uyghur descent by determined the genotypes using a custom-by-design 48-Plex SNPscan™ Kit. SAS 9.1.3 software were used for data analysis. Seven SNPs(P min =0.001) of KIAA0319 have significant differences between the cases and controls under specific genotype models.Especially for rs6935076(P adjusted =0.020 under dominant model; P adjusted =0.028 under additive model) and rs3756821(P adjusted =0.021 under additive model), which still associated with dyslexia after Bonferroni correction. The linkage disequilibrium analysis showed four block within gene KIAA0319 and only the ten-maker haplotype(P=0.013) in block 4 was significantly more common in dyslexia children than in controls. The results indicated that genetic polymorphisms of KIAA0319 are associated with increased risk of developmental dyslexia in Uyghur population.
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