Objective: To evaluate the antiepileptic activity of aqueous extract of Centella asciatica in maximal electroshock (MES) and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced convulsions.
Methods:The anticonvulsant activity of leaves of Centella asciatica (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) in mice was assessed using MES and PTZ induced seizure models. Abolition of tonic hind limb extension (MES and PTZ) and increase in seizure latency (PTZ) when compared to control group, were taken as a measure of protection. Statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey-Kramer multiple comparisons test. The test was considered to be significant at p<0.05.
Results:The aqueous extract of Centella asiatica at a dose of 200 mg/kg has abolished tonic hind limb extension in 1 out of 6 animals in MES while there was no anticonvulsant action in PTZ convulsions. At a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight, the aqueous extract of Centella asiatica has shown a significant anticonvulsant effect against both MES and PTZ convulsions, where it has abolished tonic hind limb extension in 4 mice in MES method and in all 6 mices in PTZ method.
Conclusion:The aqueous extract of Centella asiatica showed efficacy in both MES and PTZ convulsions in mice at a dose of 400 mg/kg. Since the clinical correlates of MES seizures are tonic-clonic convulsions and correlates of PTZ seizures are absence seizures, the aqueous extract of Centella asiatica is likely to be useful in the treatment of tonic-clonic and absence seizures.
Background: Present study was carried out to assess the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and assessment of causality, severity with reported suspected ADRs.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted over a period of one year in inpatients and out patients hospitalization due to ADRs, at Silchar Medical College & Hospital, Silchar, Assam. WHO–UMC Probability scale was used for causality assessment. Reported ADRs were classified according to Wills and Brown classification and assessed for severity using scale developed by Hartwig et al. All data were calculated by ‘Descriptive statistics’ analysis as percentage of patient population who encountered ADRs.Results: A total of 192 suspected ADRs were reported and Overall incidence of ADRs during the study period was found to be 0.41% of which 0.22% of ADRs had lead to hospital admissions and 0.19% of ADRs occurred during the hospital stay. Most common drug class associated with ADRs were Antimicrobials [101(52.6%)], which was found to have mostly affected the Skin system followed by NSAIDs [24(13.54%)], Haematinics [21(10.93%)]. Severity of the ADRs were found to be moderate [79(41.14%)], followed by [71 (36.97%)] ADRs which were severe and [42(21.87%)] which were mild.Conclusions: Present study revealed that, more awareness about the importance of Pharmacovigilance have to be provided among the health care professionals by way of ADR bulletins, seminars and workshops. Also, more studies need to be conducted in Indian population to know the exact prevalence of ADRs in Indian hospitals.
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