In response to the call for a physiologically-friendly light at night that shows low color temperature, a candle light-style organic light emitting diode (OLED) is developed with a color temperature as low as 1900 K, a color rendering index (CRI) as high as 93, and an effi cacy at least two times that of incandescent bulbs. In addition, the device has a 80% resemblance in luminance spectrum to that of a candle. Most importantly, the sensationally warm candle light-style emission is driven by electricity in lieu of the energywasting and greenhouse gas emitting hydrocarbon-burning candles invented 5000 years ago. This candle light-style OLED may serve as a safe measure for illumination at night. Moreover, it has a high color rendering index with a decent effi ciency.
A simple method is demonstrated to improve the folding reliability and sheet resistance of silver nanowire (Ag NW)-based transparent conductive films (TCFs) without overcoated layers or complicated processes. As-coated Ag NW film is immersed in a silver-surrounded solution, in which the silver was reduced by Tollen's reagent. Therefore, the reduced silver can be deposited on the surface and crossing of Ag NWs to form a weld-like junction and bind the Ag NWs together, hence decreasing the contact resistance of Ag NW structure at wire-to-wire junctions by increasing the contact surface area. Compared with original Ag NW TCFs, this Ag NW junction structure not only shows compatibility with conventional wet processes, but also demonstrates outstanding flexibility, even when the entire film is folded. This could be attributed to the robustly weld-like wire-to-wire junction of Ag NWs, which enhances its mechanical characteristics. The results demonstrated the feasibility of this alternative approach for the development of an effective low-power-consumption route for fabricating foldable transparent electrodes. Moreover, the results also indicated the practicability of applying this foldable transparent electrode in the fabrication of highly flexible and wearable optoelectronic devices.
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