Zusammenfassung Einleitung Sexuelle Funktionsstörungen gelten als häufig. Gleichzeitig fehlen epidemiologische Daten zur Behandlungsprävalenz sexueller Funktionsstörungen in der ambulanten Psychotherapie. Im Rahmen eines Projekts zur Koordination der Datenerhebung an den deutschen Hochschulambulanzen für Psychotherapie wird erstmals eine Schätzung für dieses Behandlungssegment möglich. Forschungsziele Das Ziel dieser Studie ist die Darstellung der festgestellten F52-Diagnosen an deutschen Hochschulambulanzen für Psychotherapie an psychologischen Instituten. Methoden 16 Hochschulambulanzen für Erwachsene übermittelten ausgewählte Daten zur Eingangsdiagnostik ihrer Patient_innen (N = 4 504; M Alter = 37.87; SD = 13.47; Altersbereich = 15 bis 86 Jahre; 65.3 % weiblich) aus dem Jahr 2016. In der hier vorgestellten Studie wird spezifisch die Häufigkeit der Vergabe von Diagnosen aus dem ICD-Kapitel F52 analysiert. Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurde in 32 Fällen (0.7 %) die Diagnose einer sexuellen Funktionsstörung vergeben, in acht Fällen (0.2 %) als Hauptdiagnose. In 31 Fällen (96.9 %) waren auch komorbide Störungen gegeben, hauptsächlich Angststörungen (34.4 %) und affektive Störungen (53.1 %). Unter den Hauptdiagnosen war der nichtorganische Vaginismus (n = 3) der häufigste Grund, eine psychotherapeutische Hochschulambulanz eines psychologischen Instituts aufzusuchen. Die Häufigkeit von F52-Diagnosen in den 16 Ambulanzen schwankte zwischen 0 % und 1.2 %, und acht der 16 Ambulanzen vergaben überhaupt keine F52-Diagnosen. Schlussfolgerung Die Werte in der vorliegenden Behandlungsstichprobe erscheinen vor dem Hintergrund der Prävalenzdaten aus Bevölkerungsstudien als auffällig niedrig. Hierfür können neben methodischen und studienspezifischen Gründen auch Aspekte der psychotherapeutischen Versorgung sowie Beurteilungsfehler bei der Diagnosevergabe verantwortlich sein.
Background: Sexual dysfunctions are considered to be common. However, there is a lack of epidemiological data on the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in outpatient psychotherapy. For the first time, a robust estimate is possible based on coordinated data collection at the German university outpatient clinics for psychotherapy.Method: 16 university outpatient clinics for adults (61.5% of all German university outpatient clinics of psychological institutes) submitted selected data on the diagnoses of their patients (n = 4504; Mage = 37.87; SD = 13.47; range = 15 – 86; 65.3 % female) who were treated in 2016. Data were obtained i.a. with structured diagnostic interviews. In this study, the frequency of diagnoses of the ICD chapter F52 was analyzed.Results: A total of 32 patients (0.7%) were diagnosed with sexual dysfunction, 8 cases (0.2%) as the principle diagnosis. Of the 32 patients, 31 (96.9%) were co-morbid with other disorders, mainly anxiety disorders (34.4%) and affective disorders (53.1%). Within the principle diagnoses, nonorganic vaginismus (n = 3) was the most frequent reason to seek professional help. The frequency of F52 diagnoses across the 16 outpatient clinics ranged from 0% to 1.2%, and 8 of the 16 clinics did not assign F52 diagnoses at all. Discussion: The treatment prevalence of sexual dysfunction appears low compared to that reported in community samples and in clinical samples. In addition to methodological and study-specific reasons, aspects of psychotherapeutic service provision might be responsible for this finding.
Child sexual abuse offences (CSOs) represent a severe ethical and socioeconomic burden for society. Juveniles with a sexual preference for prepubescent children (PP) commit a large percentage of CSOs, but have been widely neglected in neuroscience research. Aberrant neural responses to face stimuli have been observed in men with pedophilic interest. Thus far, it is unknown whether such aberrations exist already in PP. A passive face-viewing paradigm, including the presentation of child and adult faces, was deployed and high-density electroencephalography data were recorded. The study group comprised 25 PP and the control group involved 22 juveniles with age-adequate sexual preference. Attractiveness ratings and evoked brain responses were obtained for the face stimuli. An aberrant pattern of attractiveness ratings for child vs. adult faces was found in the PP group. Moreover, elevated occipital P1 amplitudes were observed for adult vs. child faces in both groups. At longer latency (340–426 ms), a stronger negative deflection to child vs. adult faces, which was source localized in higher visual, parietal and frontal regions, was specifically observed in the PP group. Our study provides evidence for enhanced neural processing of child face stimuli in PP, which might reflect elevated attention capture of face stimuli depicting members from the sexually preferred age group. This study expands our understanding of the neural foundations underlying sexual interest in prepubescent children and provides a promising path for the uncovering of objective biomarkers of sexual responsiveness to childlike body schemes in juveniles.
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