Real-time digital twins of ships in operation find many applications such as predictive maintenance, climbing the ladders of ship autonomy, and offshore operational excellence. The literature describes a focus on digital twinning of individual equipment such as navigation, propulsion, engine and power system, or crane. Yet, digital twinning and virtual prototyping for offshore operations are in their infancy and the onboard digitisation hardware and the telecommunication infrastructure are becoming accessible and affordable. Previous work has failed to address the need for building a holistic model and thus contextualising the equipment with the state of the whole vessel. A prototype of an online digital twin of a research vessel is proposed, its architecture described and its suitability for virtual prototyping demonstrated in a remote control centre. The study shows a viable proof of concept for remote monitoring and crew assistance in nominal and contingency response for offshore crane operations.
Abstract-Operation training in simulator environment is an important part of maritime personnel competence building. Offshore simulators provide realistic visualizations which allow the users to immerse within the scenario. However, currently joysticks and keyboards are used as input devices for deck operation training. This approach limits the user experience -the trainees do not practice the gestures that they should be giving to the crane operators. Conversations with operation experts reveal that trying and experiencing the gestures is an important step of the practical training. To address this problem, we are building a gesture recognition system that allows the training participants to use natural gestures: move their body and hands as they would during a real operation. The movement is analyzed and gestures are detected using Microsoft Kinect sensor. We have implemented a prototype of a gesture recognition system, and have recorded data set of 15 people performing the gestures. Currently we are in the process of improving the system by training the recognition algorithms with recorded data. We believe, this is an important step towards high-quality training of maritime deck operations in immersive simulator environment.
Virtual prototyping of offshore operations (VPOO) is performed to plan and validate planning of infrequent or demanding operations characterized by high risk and low margins of error in hostile and remote environments distant from emergency response bases that require expensive equipment. Key elements of VPOO is the rapidity of virtual prototyping and the human-centric approach necessitating high quality visuals and real-time time-domain simulation. This survey reviews publications, commercial software and simulators, and regulations on offshore operations. Findings indicate that the VPOO is not common in the industry, offshore operation regulations lag behind the state of the art in industry in terms of mission planning, and this field has been subject to scarce commercial and scientific scrutiny so far. A discussion of future developments and trends concludes the paper.
Digitalization has become a key aspect of making the maritime industries more innovative, efficient and fit for future operations. One of the most attractive aspects is the concept of digital twins, which refers to a digital replica of physical assets, processes and systems that can be used as advanced tools for design, operation, and maintenance. This paper introduces the development of the digital twin of the research vessel Gunnerus in Norway, which will be a significant scientific and operational achievement for the maritime industry, making efficient and safe offshore operations possible. It enables data exchange safely and easily between different sub-systems, modules, and various applications. Thus, the twin ship can provide an integrated view of the ship's various physical and behavioral aspects in different stages, and allow simultaneous optimization of functional performance requirements. In addition, it enables advanced control and optimization, e.g., creating more reliable prediction for flexible objectives (time, output, emissions, fuel consumption), and executing day-ahead and long-term planning for operations. Several related applications are presented in the end to confirm the effectiveness of the digital twin ship system.
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