There is considerable interest in collective effects in hybrid systems formed by molecular or atomic ensembles strongly coupled by an electromagnetic resonance. For analyzing such collective effects, we develop an efficient and general theoretical formalism based on the natural modes of the resonator. The main strength of our approach is its generality and the high level of analyticity enabled by modal analysis, which allows one to model complex hybrid systems without any restriction on the resonator shapes or material properties, and to perform statistical computations to predict general properties that are robust to spatial and polarization disorders. Most notably, we establish that superradiant modes remain even after ensemble averaging and act as an "invisibility cloak" with a spectral bandwidth that scales with the number of oscillators and the spatially-averaged Purcell factor. INTRODUCTIONCooperative scattering by large collections of quantum emitters has become increasingly important in modern science and technology, 1-3 an emblematic example being Dicke superradiance. 4 Of particular interest are high cooperativity regimes, which are promoted by long-range interactions and quantum cavity-electrodynamic effects with electromagnetic resonances. Recent exemplary advances encompass the generation of coherent visible radiation by many emitters placed near plasmonic nanoparticles 5-6 or hybrid quantum systems combining coldatom clouds with photonic-crystal resonances. [7][8] Even for steady-state cases, the theoretical analysis of quantum hybrids represents a major challenge in computational electrodynamics, requiring the repeated calculation of the full-photon Green's functions of the resonator for different frequencies and atomic positions. [9][10][11] The challenge worsens when studying the dynamics by iteratively solving coupled equations for the Maxwell's fields and carrier-population operators, [12][13] or when computing ensemble-averaged responses [14][15] to interpret experiments for which the exact location and orientation of atoms are unknown. [16][17][18] Here, we provide a powerful computational "toolkit" based on the natural modes of the resonator for analyzing collective effects in large ensembles of atoms or molecules coupled by an electromagnetic resonator, which could be a high-Q or low-Q micro-nanoresonator, possibly with a spectral overlap of several resonances. The main strength of our approach is the high level of analyticity brought on by the modal analysis of the emitterresonator interaction, which enables one to perform statistical treatments and to predict general properties that are robust to spatial and polarization disorders. We adopt a classical polarizability model for the quantum emitters. Classical-oscillator treatments cannot describe all aspects of quantum hybrids, but in return provide a rudimentary and intuitive tool, which is general enough to predict many important features of quantum systems and is reusable in quantum formalisms. [19][20][21][22]10 Additionally, cooperati...
Achieving and controlling strong light-matter interactions in many-body systems is of paramount importance both for fundamental understanding and potential applications. In this paper we demonstrate both experimentally and theoretically how to manipulate strong coupling between the Bragg-plasmon mode supported by an organo-metallic array and molecular excitons in the form of J-aggregates dispersed on the hybrid structure. We observe experimentally the transition from a conventional strong coupling regime exhibiting the usual upper and lower polaritonic branches to a more complex regime, where a third nondispersive mode is seen, as the concentration of J-aggregates is increased. The numerical simulations confirm the presence of the third resonance. We attribute its physical nature to collective molecule-molecule interactions leading to a collective electromagnetic response. A simple analytical model is proposed to explain the physics of the third mode. The nonlinear dependence on molecular parameters followed from the model are confirmed in a set of rigorous numerical studies. It is shown that at the energy of the collective mode molecules oscillate completely out of phase with the incident radiation acting as an effictive thin metal layer.
A scheme of the hybrid plasmo-photonic structure manufacturing process – angular transmission spectra and asymmetric emission rate enhancement of the deposited QDs.
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