The synthesis and characterization of three aromatic oligoamides, constructed from the same pyridyl carboxamide core but incorporating distinct end groups of acetyl (Ac) 1, tert-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) 2 and amine 3 is reported. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of 1–3 and a dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solvate of 2 (2-DMSO), has identified the presence of a range of intra- and intermolecular interactions including N-H⋯N, N-H⋯O=C and N-H⋯O=S(CH3)2 hydrogen-bonding interactions, C-H⋯π interactions and off-set, face-to-face stacking π-π interactions that support the variety of slipped stack, herringbone and cofacial crystal packing arrangements observed in 1–3. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of this series of aromatic oligoamides was assessed against two human ovarian (A2780 and A2780cisR), two human breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) cancerous cell lines and one non-malignant human epithelial cell line (PNT-2), to investigate the influence of the terminal functionality of these aromatic oligoamides on their biological activity. The chemosensitivity results highlight that modification of the terminal group from Ac to Boc in 1 and 2 leads to a 3-fold increase in antiproliferative activity against the cisplatin-sensitive ovarian carcinoma cell line, A2780. The presence of the amine termini in 3 gave the only member of the series to display activity against the cisplatin-resistance ovarian carcinoma cell line, A2780cisR. Compound 2 is the lead candidate of this series, displaying high selectivity towards A2780 cancer cells when compared to non-malignant PNT-2 cells, with a selectivity index value >4.2. Importantly, this compound is more selective towards A2780 (cf. PNT-2) than the clinical platinum drugs oxaliplatin by > 2.6-fold and carboplatin by > 1.6-fold.
The campaigns conducted by SNCF at very high speeds allowed improvement in the knowledge of the actual TGV vehicle/track system and, in particular of the dynamical behavior of numerous components, which were obtained under very hard working conditions, for instance:
— mechanical components (axle boxes, transmissions, etc.)
— suspensions, damper particularly,
— bogies,
— pantograph,
— electrical traction equipments (transformer of power, electric motors, power electronics, cooling systems),
— signalling equipment.
Made with a TGV Atlantic series train set equipped with series components, it allowed demonstration to our passengers the very large safety margin of the whole system, track and vehicle as well, for revenue speeds of 300 km/h.
At last, the tests allowed dramatically to raise the limit of the wheel and rail system, up to the mythic figure of 500 km/h, thus demonstrating that railways will reamin the first guided transport system during the 21st century.
Remi Bellon und Pierre Delfosse : Codes et lois du Burundi . 217 William L. Cleveland : Th. Making 01 an Arab Nationalist 218 Pelix Ermacora: Diskriminierungssmutz und Diskriminierungsverbot in der Arbeit der Vereinten Nationen .
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