Differential expression of the genes expressing Pap pili in Escherichia coli was suggested to involve mRNAs with different stabilities. As the result of a post-transcriptional processing event, a papA gene-specific mRNA product (mRNA-A) accumulates in large excess relative to the primary mRNA-BA transcript. Our results show that the processed product, mRNA-A, is a translationally active molecule and that it is generated from the mRNA-BA precursor by an RNaseE-dependent mechanism. The processing did not occur under non-permissive conditions in an E. coli rne mutant strain with a temperature-sensitive RNaseE. The endonuclease RNaseE was previously described as being chiefly involved in the processing of the 9S precursor of 5S rRNA. A comparison of nucleotide sequences of mRNA-BA and three other RNAs processed by RNAseE revealed a conserved motif around the cleavage sites. Mutations abolishing the activity of either of two other endoribonucleases, RNaseIII and RNaseP, did not affect the pap mRNA processing event. However, a conditional mutation in the ams locus, causing altered stability of bulk mRNA in E. coli, led to reduced pap mRNA processing in a manner similar to the effect caused by RNaseE deficiency. Our findings are consistent with the idea that ams is related/allelic to rne. Absence of the processing event in the RNaseE mutant (rne-3071) strain led to a four-fold stabilization of the mRNA-BA primary transcript. We conclude that the RNaseE-dependent processing event is the rate-limiting step in the decay of the papB-coding part of the primary transcript and in the production of the stable mRNA-A product.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

No abstract

Transcription of the genes encoding pilus-adhesin of serotype F13 in digalactoside-binding Escherichia coli required activation by the cAMP-CRP complex. Analysis of protein-DNA interaction in vitro showed that CRP bound in a cAMP-dependent manner to a sequence located 0.2 kb upstream of the point of transcription initiation of the pilus subunit operon. The cAMP-CRP activation included, in addition to the main pilus operon, the oppositely oriented operon encoding the Papl regulatory protein. Furthermore, the auto-regulatory product of the promoter-proximal gene (papB) in the pilus subunit operon was found to stimulate the papl transcriptional unit. Thus the cAMP-CRP complex and PapB might act in concert and indirectly promote pili synthesis by stimulating expression of the Papl positive regulator. The results of trans-complementation experiments and analyses using lacZ operon fusion derivatives showed that the cAMP-CRP activation also operated directly in cis on the pilus subunit operon. The region containing the CRP binding site appeared to function as an upstream activating sequence since deletion abolished expression even when the pap regulatory proteins Papl and PapB were supplied in trans. The implications for possible mechanisms of transcriptional activation by the cAMP-CRP complex at this novel location between the two oppositely oriented operons are discussed.

Nuclear factor I (NFI) is shown to be of importance for the activity of the enhancer element of a T-cell leukemogenic murine retrovirus, SL3-3, and for the regulation of this element by glucocorticoid. Each nucleotide of the binding site of the NFI proteins was mutated, and the effects of the mutations were quantitated with an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Mutations in the inverted repeat of the binding site have symmetric effects which strongly support the notion that NFI proteins preferentially bind to dyad symmetry sites. Such binding sites were shown to be more than 100 fold stronger than the corresponding single binding sites. We find dyad symmetry sequences which are much stronger NFI binding sites than NFI sites identified in different genes and also stronger than previously proposed consensus binding sequences for NFI.

No abstract

Hislone HI acts as a general repressor of transcription in eukaryotcs by organizing nueleosomcs into inaccessible condensed forms of chromatin, The capability of HI to bind to DNA with some sequence specificity is Likely to be critical in the control of tl~cse processes. We show I,¢re thai ATP and several other nu¢leotides, including non-hydrolyzable derivatives, can inhibit DNA binding of HI. The results also show thal ATP differentially affects binding of HI to DNA in a fashion enhancing nu¢leotide sequen¢~ specificity of the binding. The study suggests a novel mechanism of modulation of H1 activity that has important implications for lhe role of HI as a traa~:riptional regulator.