Elevated nutrient inputs from human sources such as fertilizers and wastewater put aquatic ecosystems under pressure. The health and functioning of stream ecosystems and the eutrophication risk are strongly linked to nutrient concentrations (

Elevated nutrient inputs from human sources such as fertilizers and wastewater put aquatic ecosystems under pressure. The health and functioning of stream ecosystems and the eutrophication risk are strongly linked to nutrient concentrations (

Nitrogen (N) can be a limiting nutrient in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems (Webster et al., 2003). However, the N cycling in these ecosystems is modified and disturbed by humans through inputs from atmospheric deposition, agricultural fertilizers and wastewater. High N inputs especially in economically developed countries have led to increased riverine nitrogen fluxes, causing ecological degradation in aquatic systems and posing a threat to drinking water safety (Dupas et al., 2016;Sebilo et al., 2013;Wassenaar, 1995). Diffuse agricultural sources (mineral fertilizer and manure) constitute most of the N emissions into waters in European countries (Bouraoui & Grizzetti, 2011;Dupas et al., 2013).

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