The authors of this chapter provide an in-depth comparative analysis and discussion of the effectiveness of Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA) in regulating and enforcing laws related to traffic management and solid waste management (SWM) in Kampala. The findings reveal that SWM is better regulated as compared to traffic management despite operating under similar conditions. Unlike the SWM sector, the presence of strong associations, diversity of uncoordinated rival players, massive youth population, and heavy political investments in the informal public transport sector has made it difficult for KCCA to regulate traffic in the city. The informal SWM sector in Kampala has received limited political interest. Thus, one would expect that the city traffic sector should be well regulated compared to the SWM sector. However, this is not the case; KCCA has registered significant more success in the regulation of the informal SWM than the latter. On the contrary, KCCA and the city police continue to have running battles with the operators of informal public transport.
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