Relationship of plasma leptin concentration to intramuscular fat content in beef from crossbred Wagyu cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 81: 451-457. Plasma leptin concentrations and beef cattle carcass characteristics in eight Continental Crossbred steers [0% Wagyu Cattle (WC)] were compared to crossbred cattle with 50 and 75% WC (eight steers each) genetic makeup to determine if a relationship exists between plasma leptin concentrations and intramuscular fat content (marbling) in beef cattle. Plasma leptin concentrations were measured at two stages of cattle growth, 16 and 4 wk prior to slaughter (WPS). Beef cattle characteristics including marbling score, ribeye area, i.m. total lipid content, and backfat depth were determined, and correlation coefficients obtained between these traits and leptin concentration at both sampling dates. Plasma leptin concentrations increased relative to the lipid content in the 24 steers based on the significant positive correlation observed between plasma leptin and total lipids (% wet weight) from both pars costalis diaphragmatis (p.c. Key words: Wagyu crossbred cattle, meat quality, intramuscular fat, marbling, leptin Wegner, J., Huff, P., Xie, C. P., Schneider, F., Teuscher, F., Mir, P. S., Mir, Z., Kazala, E. C., Weselake, R. et Ender, K. 2001. La relation du niveau de leptin de plasma à la teneur en graisse intramusculaire en bovins croisés de Wagyu. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 81: 451-457. Des niveaux de leptin de plasma et les caractéristiques de carcasse de bovins dans le métis continental (0% Wagyu (WC), 8 bouvillons) ont été comparés aux bovins croisés avec 50 ou 75% Wagyu (8 bouvillons chacun) pour déterminer si un rapport existe entre les concentrations de leptin de plasma et la teneur en graisse intramusculaire (marbrer) dans la viande bovins. Des niveaux de leptin de plasma ont été mesurés à deux étapes de croissance de bétail 16 et 4 semaines avant l'abattage (WPS). Des caractéristiques de bovins comprenant l'indice de marbrure, la zone de ribeye, le contenu total de lipide, et la profondeur de gras du dos ont été déterminées et des calculs de corrélation ont été exécutés. Les concentrations de leptin de plasma ont augmenté relativement au contenu de lipide car il y avait des corrélations positives significatives observées entre les lipides totaux (% de poids humide) et le leptin de plasma pour les pars costalis diaphragmatis (16 WPS: r = 0.69, P = 0.0004; 4 WPS: r = 0.35, P = 0.104) et les muscles longissimus (16 WPS: r = 0.59, P = 0.002; 4 WPS: r = 0.51, P = 0.011). On observe une tendance variable à 4 WPS quand les différentes croix sont comparées. Le leptin de plasma est franchement corrélé pour le 0% Wagyu (longissimus: r = 0.62, P = 0.103; p.c.d.: r = 0.40, P = 0.410), est presque zéro pour les bovins de 50% Wagyu (longissimus: r = 0.11, P = 0.797; p.c.d.: r = 0.005, P = 0.990), et démontre une corrélation négative pour les 75% WC (longissimus: r = -0.60, P = 0.120; p.c.d.: r = -0.65, P = 0.164). Les résultats suggèrent que cela la génétique croissante de Wagyu viole n'impo...
Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ) mRNA in adipose and muscle tissue of Holstein and Charolais cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 84: 49-55. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) regulates adipogenesis and lipid metabolism-related gene transcripts. The role, however, of PPARγ in different adipose depots and muscle in Holstein and Charolais cattle is still unclear. We used 20 animals (10 from each breed) for semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to measure PPARγ mRNA levels in subcutaneous (SC), perirenal (PR), omental (OM), and intramuscular (IM) adipose depots as well as longissimus muscle (MU). IM fat was dissected from muscle tissue in MU. Holstein were characterized by their higher OM (P < 0.01) and PR (P < 0.05) fat weights while the Charolais had a higher body weight (P < 0.001) and a larger longissimus muscle area (P < 0.001). The IM fat content and marbling scores tended to be higher in Holstein. No significant differences in PPARγ mRNA expression were observed between these two breeds for any tissue. In both breeds, MU PPARγ had the lowest expressed mRNA level (P < 0.05). In the IM fat depot, expression was higher (P < 0.05) than MU, but lower than the SC, PR, and OM fat depot PPARγ mRNA levels. Only OM PPARγ mRNA levels were higher (P < 0.05) than SC and PR in Charolais. To characterise the role of PPARγ mRNA in bovine adipogenesis, correlations were performed among PPARγ mRNA, carcass characteristics, and adipogenesis-related genes.
The objective of the present study was to develop an immunohistochemical technique to locate preadipocytes in bovine muscle tissue. Preadipocyte factor-1 (pref-1) is a transmembrane protein that is part of the family of epidermal growth factor-like repeat-containing proteins that are involved in cell fate determination. Pref-1 is highly expressed in preadipocytes, but expression is completely abolished during differentiation into an adipocyte. In the present study, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that bovine intramuscular adipose tissue contains the three splice forms of pref-1 (A, C2 and E). Western blots were used to confirm that the protein for pref-1 was expressed in intramuscular adipose tissue. Polyclonal antibodies against pref-1 were tested against a cell culture of bovine preadipocytes from an embryo source to confirm that the antibody would immunolocate bovine preadipocytes. The antibody was applied to sections of longissimus dorsi muscle from Charolais and Holstein cattle. Immunohistochemical results showed that pref-1 is expressed in the perimycium near mature adipocytes and blood vessels. The pool size of preadipocytes appeared to be low. Previous reports, however, have demonstrated that preadipocytes are known to divide and/or migrate, providing a potentially endless source of adipogenic precursor cells.
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