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Heart rate variation (HR) being identified as depending on subjects' stress state when submitted to short term mental stress, this study aimed at analyzing whether or not it could be possible to find a mathematical relationship between the average heart rate variation and the intensity S of a stress indicator in case of short term mental stress, whatever the stress indicator is. The method consisted in working the hypothesis by gathering data providing HR and ratio of frequency power of HRV (Heart Rate Variability) for different level of stress, HRV being considered as a stress indicator and presenting the advantage of being widely used in studies, therefore providing numerous data in the literature. From this data, a mathematical model was designed and then assessed by testing its reliability when applied to HR variation versus different types of stress indicators (EMG, GSR, Work Load, questionnaires such as STAI-S, ALES). The correlation obtained between the model and the data provided by the literature (24 points from 8 studies

Saadi (2018) Risk assessment for subjective evidence-based ethnography applied in high risk environment: improved protocol. Advances in Research, 16 (3). pp. 1-15.

The renewal of the staff in companies, with no possibilities sometimes for the newcomers to meet experienced workers already retired, is considered by some analysts as a "skills drain". In such a context, improving the occupational training program is a crucial challenge for any company concerned by this social phenomenon. The method presented here aims at providing an in-depth analysis of what makes the competencies of experience workers in order to provide more exhaustive input data for training. This might contribute to lessen the aforementioned problem. It uses subjective video recordings of work activities and applies co-analysis (researcher-worker) based on the Square of Perceived Action model developed for the purpose in the frame of Activity Theory. The Square of Perceived Action-based method showed a better efficiency when compared with three other methods for four different activities. It also showed a good acceptance by the professionals who felt an improvement of their vocational practices after having being involved in such an analysis of their work activity.

The SPEAC protocol using first-person perspective ethnography and subsequent replay interviews was applied to analyze work activities at a French nuclear power plant during real operating situations of Operations shift teams (15 situations and 30 participants, about 1950 min. video recordings and 2400 min. audio recordings). Results were compared with those obtained with the standard method applied in the French nuclear fleet (Systemic Approach to Training: SAT). Both SPEAC and SAT methods provided knowledge and know-how necessary to perform work activities. Following each analysis, participants were presented with a questionnaire for assessment of the method. Items addressed efficiency, constraints, extended application to colleagues or other activities. SPEAC method showed a significantly higher level of identification of knowledge and know-how per activity (from 1.9 to 9 times more) than SAT and at a lower cost. The SPEAC method

Previous multidisciplinary study of vocational simulation training helped us to elaborate an innovative debriefing protocol for simulation training sessions in seven steps applying two key principles (called "debriefing 7S2P"). This study aimed at testing its efficacy and assessing its potential performance. This was undertaken experimentally for simulation training sessions in industrial context gathering novice and experienced workers (N=68) to perform individually a simple technical task. The results obtained showed that this debriefing protocol could provide a gain of performance up to 30%. Analysis and explanation were provided thanks to the revisited Rasmussen's SRK model [1] and Kolb's experiential learning cycle [2,3].

Original citation:Fauquet-Alekhine, Philippe (2016) Risk assessment for subjective evidence-based ethnography applied in high risk environment. Advances in Research, 6 (2 ABSTRACTSubjective Evidence-Based Ethnography (SEBE) is a family of methods developed for investigation in social science based on subjective audio-video recordings with a miniature video-camera usually worn at eye-level (eye-tracking techniques are included). Despite its application to the analysis of high risk professions (e.g. anesthetists, aircraft pilots, nuclear reactor pilots) and the potential additional risks it induces, no suggestions regarding these concerns and no solutions helping researchers to anticipate this kind of risks are available in the literature. Aiming at filling this gap, we undertook a study of SEBE equipment applied to the analysis of workers' activities on a nuclear power plant. The method was divided in three phases: i) observations and discussions on full scale simulators of activities undertaken by one or two workers (N=42) to characterize the consequences of the SEBE equipment, ii) bibliographic research combined with results of first phase to elaborate a risk assessment protocol, iii) analysis of its application in real operating situations (N=17). The elaborated protocol gave satisfactory results in terms of risk prevention and time application: No incident or accident occurred and the risk assessment took less than five minutes. The observations highlighted however a risk of side-effect (using SEBE equipment to justify subjects' mistake or Original Research ArticleFauquet-Alekhine; AIR, 6(2): 1-13, 2016; Article no.AIR.21597 2 failure) giving greater importance to the necessity of this sort of risk assessment protocol. To date, the protocol needs to be tested in other industrial contexts in order to be improved and/or to confirm its robustness.

 Abstract-The industrial society facing a "skills drain" with a massive renewal of staffs these years, improving the training of newcomers in the companies has become a key point. More specifically, being able to integrate tacit knowledge as input data of occupational training programs is a significant issue. On the basis of recent work, we developed a protocol helping us, through replay interview of subjective video recordings of activities and additional experiments, to detect and characterize tacit occupational knowledge through speech and behavior analysis. The application case used to illustrate the benefit of the method is the profession of nuclear reactor pilot. Identification and characterization of a tacit knowledge was done and questions raised for further discussion and integration in the training process.