Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multifactorial disease. Its development and progression depend on genetically predisposed susceptibility of the patient towards several ‘hits’ that induce fat storage first and later inflammation and fibrosis. Here, we differentiated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from four distinct donors with varying disease stages into hepatocyte like cells (HLCs) and determined fat storage as well as metabolic adaptations after stimulations with oleic acid. We could recapitulate the complex networks that control lipid and glucose metabolism and we identified distinct gene expression profiles related to the steatosis phenotype of the donor. In an attempt to reverse the steatotic phenotype, cells were treated with the small molecule AdipoRon, a synthetic analogue of adiponectin. Although the responses varied between cells lines, they suggest a general influence of AdipoRon on metabolism, transport, immune system, cell stress and signalling.
Imidazole-containing
polymeric accelerators were synthesized through
free-radical polymerization and applied in the curing of diglycidyl
ether of bisphenol A resin with the hardener dicyandiamide. Reactivity
and storage stability were followed via differential scanning calorimetry,
and an increased pot life was observed after incorporation into polymers.
Depending on the employed monomers and composition, the compatibility
with epoxy resin was adjusted and the storage stability thereby improved,
while a high reactivity is retained under curing conditions. Microscopy
imaging showed the dissolution of the polymeric accelerators in epoxy
resin above a critical temperature enabling a high reactivity. The
best performing accelerator was then applied in an epoxy adhesive
film formulation. The strength of the bonding of stainless-steel test
bodies was examined in a lap shear test showing superior long-term
stability while maintaining efficient acceleration of this type of
polymeric accelerator for adhesive applications.
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