Morrison P. S. Local expressions of subjective well-being: the New Zealand experience, Regional Studies. Students of regional science have been preoccupied with economic drivers while at the same time implicitly assuming that increasing urban size and density raises local well-being. However, the geography of happiness may not mirror the geography of growth. Rather, there is a localization to the paradox of affluence mainly because raising population density in order to realize agglomeration economies can lower subjective well-being. This paper offers empirical support for this proposition by estimating city fixed-effects for three separate measures of subjective well-being while controlling for the characteristics of individuals as well as their perceptions of accessibility and social capital. [image omitted] Morrison P. S. Des temoignages locaux du bien-etre subjectif: l'experience neo-zelandaise, Regional Studies. Les etudiants de la science regionale ont ete preoccupes par des forces motrices economiques en supposant implicitement et simultanement qu'une augmentation de la taille et de la densite urbaines ameliore le bien-etre local. Cependant, il se peut que la geographie du bonheur ne se reflete pas dans la geographie de la croissance. Il existe plutot une localisation du paradoxe de l'abondance, essentiellement parce que l'augmentation de la densite de la population dans le but de realiser des economies d'agglomeration peut finir par une baisse du bien-etre subjectif. Cet article cherche a fournir du soutien empirique en faveur de cette affirmation en estimant des effets fixes relatifs aux grandes villes employant trois mesures distinctes du bien-etre subjectif, tout en tenant compte des caracteristiques des individus ainsi que de leurs perceptions de l'accessibilite et du capital social. Bien-etre subjectif Bonheur Satisfaction Qualite de la vie Grandes villes Nouvelle-Zelande Morrison P. S. Lokale Ausdrucksformen von subjektivem Wohlbefinden: die Erfahrung von Neuseeland, Regional Studies. Beim Studium der Regionalwissenschaft wird vor allem auf wirtschaftliche Faktoren geachtet, wahrend zugleich implizit angenommen wird, dass sich durch eine Steigerung der Stadtgrosse und -dichte das Wohlbefinden der Menschen vor Ort erhoht. Die Geografie des Glucks ist jedoch nicht unbedingt ein Abbild der Geografie des Wachstums. Vielmehr liegt eine Lokalisierung des Wohlstandsparadoxons vor, insbesondere weil eine Erhohung der Bevolkerungsdichte mit dem Ziel der Verwirklichung von Agglomerationswirtschaften zu einer Verringerung des subjektiven Wohlbefindens fuhren kann. Dieser Beitrag bietet empirische Belege fur diese These in Form einer Schatzung der stadtischen Fixeffekte auf drei separate Massstabe des subjektiven Wohlbefindens unter Berucksichtigung der Merkmale der Personen sowie ihrer Einschatzung hinsichtlich der Erreichbarkeit und des Sozialkapitals. Subjektives Wohlbefinden Gluck Zufriedenheit Lebensqualitat Stadte Neuseeland Morrison P. S. Expresiones locales del bienestar subjetivo: la experiencia de Nue...

IntroductionThe inference most analysts draw from migration flows between local labour markets is that employment considerations are a strong reason for moving. However, survey evidence shows that the vast majority of employed people who move between local labour markets move primarily for social and consumption reasons rather than in order to enhance their employment returns per se.At first, the apparent inconsistency between the micro motives inferred from net flows and those that the migrants themselves report is puzzling. The resolution comes from an appreciation of the difference between those moves which simply enable employment to continue at a new location and those which actually enhance the returns to employment.In order to change residence, members of the workforce have to secure an income stream at the new location which therefore constrains who can move, as well as when and where to move. Those people for whom employment elsewhere is less likely to be available or not as well rewarded in real terms compared with their present location tend to stay at home, leaving as migrants only those who believe they can solve the employment problem.

The day was calm. The waves that lapped the shore were small, almost lazy; they were the waves of shallow waters, not of the open ocean. A ruddy sun shone in the hazy sky. The slow stream that came down to the foreshore rippled a little in the light wind, and the pebbles tumbled here and there without much energy. Drama was not wholly absent, for along the skyline all but lost in the distance were two or three volcanic cones. They were quiet just now, but a walk along the beach would soon bring a traveler to a stretch of all but impassable lava, where once, not so long back, the molten rock had oozed and hissed into the waters from an inland fissure. It would happen again, but no one could foresee just where and when the encounter would take place. The day was calm and the scene was lonely. The beach was devoid of shells. No flies buzzed; nothing at all hopped or crawled along the water's edge. No birds flew; no fish swam in the sea; no clawed creatures scuttled below the tidal waters. The rocky lands inward from the sea were utterly barren of life. Neither lizards nor mice could be found, and neither a tree nor a blade of grass spread green blades to the sunshine. Yet life was present, even abundant, in the scene. It grew everywhere that the shallow waters brimmed out to dry land: dense knobs and sheets of algae and bacteria covered all the shallows, out into the bay and up the stream toward the higher lands. That life was never out of touch with water; it never survives higher than a matter of inches from moisture. Inland, here and there, a few dry old knobs could be found, quite whitened, rocklikea growing mat of the only life in this quiet land, stranded forever by some shift in the watercourse. Modem structures formed by microbial mats found in Australia are analogous to structures formed by ancient microbial mats billions of years ago in a similar environment. Photo courtesy of J. W. Schopf Vlll Just such a scenewe can infer the details rather well from the complex fabric of the rock sampleswould present itself at the spot, now the western coast of Australia, where the oldest trace of life in all the Earth is found. The time is long ago indeed, a time we can estimate to within a few percent from a secure, mutually confirming set of radioactive decay measurements. The signs of copious algal life, which bears a remarkable resemblance to the same forms found throughout the record of the rocks up to the present day, occur almost as early as the first dated rocks. One must emphasize that this teeming life, single-celled, though colonial in nature, was about all that lived on Earth, not only for the first pages of the record but for four-fifths of our whole past. Not until a time only 0.7 billion years (b.y.) back can we surely see any relic of life more mobile than the algal and bacterial mats. Indeed, they themselves become more complex in microstructure and more powerful in their chemistry over the 3 b.y. of their evolution and change. No life is mobile (beyond the drift of plankton) until about that time, 0.6...

Human values, subjective well-being and the metropolitan region. Regional Studies. Living in a country's largest metropolitan centre has a negative effect on subjective well-being. Although documented in many developed economies, the reasons for this particular geography of well-being are still poorly understood. Meanwhile a separate body of research has shown that the holding of extrinsic or personally focused values is also associated with lower levels of subjective well-being. This paper demonstrates the link between the two. It draws on the European Social Survey (ESS) 2012 to show how metropolitan residents in Finland are more likely to hold extrinsic values such as power and achievement.

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