The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Efavirenz and Nevirapine based Firstline HIV treatment in patients attending comprehensive care centre in Mombasa. This was a prospective comparative study. The target population was HIV positive adult patients eligible for HAART. A total of 251 patients were enrolled in the study and followed up for 12 months. All ARV naive patients with CD4 count < 350/ul with WHO stage 3 or 4 and eligible for HAART were randomly into Efavirenz and Nevirapine based regimens (D4T/3TC/EFV and D4T/3TC/NVP) and followed up for a period of twelve months. Laboratory tests were done for each patient every three months by testing for Haemoglobin, Liver enzyme test (ALT), Creatinine and CD4 cell count. The study showed that first-line regimens of Efavirenz and Nevirapine were effective in suppressing HIV/AIDS infection with improvement in CD4 count (P<0.05). There was also improvement in haemoglobin levels and body weight among the patients on both regimens in the study. However, elevation of ALT and Creatinine were noted in both treatment groups, but this did not warrant drug discontinuation (P>0.05). Efavirenz based regimen appeared to be superior to Nevirapine based regimen on CD4+ profiles and renal function (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in haemoglobin levels, body weight and ALT enzyme for patients on both treatment groups.The findings demonstrated that D4TC/3TC/EFV and D4TC/3TC/NVP combinations were safe, well tolerated and effective in suppressing HIV progression in advanced HIV infected patients.

The main objective of this study was to assess how Knowledge, behavior and perceptions affect Cervical Cancer screening and the control of HIV/ HPV Co-infection among patients with cervical cancer in Kenya. The following specific objectives guided the study; to weigh the knowledge, behavior, and perceptions on the understanding of the absorption of Cervical Cancer Screening and prevention strategies among women in Kenya. This was a crosssectional, descriptive and quantitative comparative study of cervical neoplasia screening and control strategies among women attending Kenyatta National Hospital and Coast Provincial General Hospitals in Kenya. The study was conducted at the Coastal region of Kenya particularly Mombasa County and all parts of Nairobi County over a twelve-month period at the Coast Provincial General Hospital (CPGH) and Kenyatta National Hospital respectively. The target population for this work involved all female respondents who had tested positive for HIV and Cervical Cancer and have the results or they need further screening. Convenience sampling technique was used because of time constraints. Random sampling was used to identify participants. The study concludes that knowledge, behavior, and perceptions on absorption of Cervical Cancer Screening and prevention by women depend on initiatives that have been put in place to motivate and educate women on issues related to cancer screening. The study recommends that the need for community understanding of cervical cancer and the causal relationship between HPV and cervical cancer is usually poor, giving priority to continuing education on the significance of HPV prevention and periodic cervical Cancer screening.