The effect of 6 mg/kg of aminophylline on brain blood flow was examined in newborn piglets. Arterial plasma aminophylline concentration averaged 7 mg/1. Total brain, regional brain (cerebrum, cerebellum and stem) and eye blood flow as well as the total brain oxygen consumption were not altered by aminophylline treatment. Choroid plexus blood flow was five times higher than the total brain blood flow in these newborn piglets. In contrast to brain blood flow, choroid plexus blood flow decreased significantly following aminophylline administration.