BackgroundSelf-medication is an important driver of antimicrobial overuse as well as a worldwide problem. The aim of the present study was to estimate the use of antibiotics, without medical prescription, in a sample of rural population presenting in primary care in southern Greece.MethodsThe study included data from 1,139 randomly selected adults (545 men/594 women, mean age ± SD: 56.2 ± 19.8 years), who visited the 6 rural Health Centres of southern Greece, between November 2009 and January 2010. The eligible participants were sought out on a one-to-one basis and asked to answer an anonymous questionnaire.ResultsUse of antibiotics within the past 12 months was reported by 888 participants (77.9%). 508 individuals (44.6%) reported that they had received antibiotics without medical prescription at least one time. The major source of self-medication was the pharmacy without prescription (76.2%). The antibiotics most frequently used for self-medication were amoxicillin (18.3%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (15.4%), cefaclor (9.7%), cefuroxim (7.9%), cefprozil (4.7%) and ciprofloxacin (2.3%). Fever (41.2%), common cold (32.0%) and sore throat (20.6%) were the most frequent indications for the use of self-medicated antibiotics.ConclusionIn Greece, despite the open and rapid access to primary care services, it appears that a high proportion of rural adult population use antibiotics without medical prescription preferably for fever and common cold.
BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a causative factor for cervical cancer. Early detection of high risk HPV types might help to identify women at high risk of cervical cancer. The aim of the present study was to examine the HPV prevalence and distribution in cervical smears in a sample of Greek women attending a gynecological outpatient clinic and to explore the determinants of the infection.MethodsA total of 225 women were studied. All women underwent a regular gynecological control. 35 HPV types were studied; 6, 11, 16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 45, 51, 52, 53, 54, 56, 58, 59, 61, 62, 66, 68, 70, 71, 72, 73, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85 and 89. Also, basic demographic information, sociodemographic characteristics and sexual behavior were recorded.ResultsHPV was detected in 22.7% of the study population. The percentage of the newly diagnosed women with HPV infection was 17.3%. HPV-16 was the most common type detected (5.3%) followed by HPV-53 (4.9%). 66.2% of the study participants had a Pap test during the last year without any abnormalities. HPV infection was related positively with alcohol consumption (OR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.04-4.63, P = 0.04) and number of sexual partners (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.44-3.25, P < 0.001), and negatively with age (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.87-0.99, P = 0.03), and monthly income (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.44-0.89, P = 0.01).ConclusionThe prevalence of HPV in women attending an outpatient clinic is high. Number of sexual partners and alcohol consumption were the most significant risk factors for HPV infection, followed by young age and lower income.
Peer reviewed article he aim of the present survey was to evaluate nurses' knowledge regarding sepsis in Greece. A total of 835 registered nurses (125 males/710 females) from tertiary hospitals in Greece were interviewed from April 2008 to December 2009. All participants completed a selfcompleted questionnaire about assessment of sepsis (see Figure 1). Basic demographic information was recorded. The protocol and questionnaire were approved by the Ethics Committees of participating hospitals. The majority of the participants answered correctly regarding awareness of systemic inflammation -83.5% regarding the role of temperature in the definition of systemic inflammation; 81.3% regarding the importance of white blood cell count; and 49.9% and 46.3% regarding the role of tachycardia and tachypnoea, respectively. The same pattern was observed regarding the answers about the assessment of sepsis -79.4% of the nurses answered correctly about the role of blood pressure; 70.9% about the role of urine volume; and 43.5% about the importance of oxygen saturation. Finally, 57.2% of the participants confirmed that in practice they followed the current guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with sepsis. The study has established baseline data with which future studies can be compared.
Copyright 2010 ΣΤΑΜΑΤΑΚΗ Ν. ΠΕΤΡΟΥΛΑ για την ελληνική γλώσσα σε όλο τον κόσμο. Η πνευματική ιδιοκτησία αποκτάται χωρίς καμία διατύπωση και χωρίς την ανάγκη ρήτρας απαγορευτικής των προσβολών της. Επισημαίνεται πάντως ότι κατά το Ν. 2387/20 (όπως έχει τροποποιηθεί με το Ν. 2121/1993 και ισχύει σήμερα) και κατά τη ∆ιεθνή σύμβαση της Βέρνης (που έχει κυρωθεί με το Ν.100/1975), απαγορεύεται η αναδημοσίευση, η αποθήκευση σε κάποιο σύστημα διάσωσης και γενικά η αναπαραγωγή του παρόντος έργου, με οποιοδήποτε τρόπο ή μορφή, τμηματικά ή περιληπτικά, στο πρωτότυπο ή σε μετάφραση ή σε άλλη διασκευή, χωρίς γραπτή άδεια του συγγραφέα. Η έγκριση διδακτορικής διατριβής από τo τμήμα Νοσηλευτικής του Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών δε σημαίνει αποδοχή γνωμών του συγγραφέα. (Σχετικές οι διατάξεις του άρθρου 50 του νόμου 1268/82 σε συνδυασμό με τις διατάξεις του οργανισμού του Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών, άρθρο 202 παρ. 2 του νόμου 5343/32
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