Globalization processes do not ignore any sphere of human life. They did not miss the field of sports. As a result, the problem of corruption, which used to be unequally prevalent in every national jurisdiction, is beginning to threaten the integrity of sport at the global level. Therefore, legal science has a task to determine the legal algorithms for combating sports corruption both within the country and in the international arena. The study aims to establish legal mechanisms to combat corruption in sports at both national and international levels. The object of research is public relations in the field of sports law. The subject of the study is public relations in the field of sports law, which have developed concerning methods and means of combating sports corruption. The research methods were philosophical, general scientific, and special scientific methods such as dialectical, system-structural, comparative-legal, and formal-legal methods. As a result of the work, a description of the state of research of the problem was given, the main approaches to defining the concept of sports corruption and match-fixing were analyzed, the legal framework (international and national) was characterized, specific examples of corruption offenses and their solution in sports were given. Resumen. Los procesos de globalización no ignoran ningún ámbito de la vida humana. No faltaron al campo de los deportes. Como resultado, el problema de la corrupción, que solía prevalecer de manera desigual en todas las jurisdicciones nacionales, está comenzando a amenazar la integridad del deporte a nivel mundial. Por lo tanto, la ciencia jurídica tiene la tarea de determinar los algoritmos legales para combatir la corrupción deportiva tanto en el país como en el ámbito internacional. El estudio tiene como objetivo establecer mecanismos legales para combatir la corrupción en el deporte tanto a nivel nacional como internacional. El objeto de investigación son las relaciones públicas en el ámbito del derecho deportivo. El tema del estudio son las relaciones públicas en el campo del derecho deportivo, que se han desarrollado sobre métodos y medios para combatir la corrupción deportiva. Los métodos de investigación fueron filosóficos, científicos generales y métodos científicos especiales, como los métodos dialéctico, estructural de sistema, legal comparativo y legal formal. Como resultado del trabajo se dio una descripción del estado de investigación del problema, se analizaron los principales enfoques para definir el concepto de corrupción deportiva y partidos contractuales, se caracterizó el marco legal (internacional y nacional), ejemplos específicos de Se dieron a conocer los delitos de corrupción y su solución en el deporte.
The purpose of this article is to find the most successful ways, forms and methods of personal data protection on the Internet among foreign countries for domestic political and legal realities. The following methods were used in the article: dialectical, logical-semantic, comparative-legal, documentary analysis, analytical, information-analytical. Issues related to the adaptation of the successful experience of a number of developed countries in the field of personal data protection on the Internet are brought up for discussion. Some options are covered and specified, which include effective methods and ways to implement an effective mechanism for personal data protection on the Internet in Ukraine. It is emphasized that the protection and proper confidentiality of personal data of individuals is one of the key tasks currently facing modern jurists. It is also added that the nature and specifics of the use and protection of personal data of individuals, including on the Internet, are extremely closely related to the institution of intellectual property. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the level of protection of personal data of individuals in a country is an indicator of the extent to which such a state meets the criteria of freedom, democracy, and the rule of law.
Objective: The aim of the article is in examining the characteristics of the relevant samples of successful experience of the developed countries in the sphere of combating bioterrorism. Method: The following methods were used by the authors in evaluating the efficiency of the research which involved: historical, analysis as well as bibliographic. Results: The current threats posed by such a phenomenon as bio-terrorism are identified and characterized, as well as successful international examples of its overcoming are analyzed. The level of danger of bio-terrorism has been established, as well as the negative consequences it causes. Cases of real use of biological weapons in different periods of human existence are characterized. It was during this period that various manifestations of bioterrorism around the world became much more active. Emphasis is placed on the fact that combating such a phenomenon as bioterrorism should be based on a comprehensive approach to solving this problem. Among other things, it should be a combination of effective law enforcement, a stable political situation and systematic interaction between the state and the population. Conclusions: The bio-terrorism can be divided into that carried out by criminal organizations, individuals or religious on the one hand, and that carried out by the state on the other. The bioterrorism, together with many of its harmful effects, poses a significant danger to humanity and society. It greatly damages the lives and health of individuals, destroys and destroys nature and the environment, and can create political and economic crises or social upheavals.
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