Metalworking fluids (MWFs) are an essential part of a technological process. They are used in machining operations for enhancing cutting process performance. The performance of MWFs depends on properties such as specific heat, viscosity, density and thermal conductivity. MWFs are used to cool and lubricate the cutting zone, flush away chips and inhibit corrosion during machining operations. On the other hand, MWFs are associated with formation of liquid aerosols (mists) that represents two types of occupational risk factors for machine operators - chemical and biological. Epidemiological assessments with machine operators in the metalworking industry have identified dermatologic and respiratory effects. The aim of this article is to review what is known about health effects from inhalation exposure to mist from various types of MWFs.
Metalworking fluid (MWF) aerosols are generated continuously during conventional machining operations and can have a number of adverse health effects. Exposure to the aerosols has often been reported to cause acute respiratory difficulties including asthma, hypersensitive pneumonitis and lung cancer. Aerosol measurement data was conducted to identify the major determinants that may affect exposure to aerosol fractions during turning of a cylindrical work piece on an uncovered conventional lathe. The aerosol mass concentration was investigated as function of spindle speed, fluid flow rate and sampling position. Synthetic fluid, mixed at 5% concentration with water, was applied via nozzle centred above the work piece at a distance of 70 mm. The aerosol mass concentration was determined gravimetrically and particle size analysis was performed by optical method. The results show that aerosol mass concentration increases with increasing the fluid flow rate and decreases by increasing the spindle speed. Moreover, the particle size analysis detected that a high quantity of particles smaller than 0.2 mm is generated at higher spindle speeds.
Cutting fluids are complex mixtures used to cool, lubricate and remove metal chips from tools and metal parts during grinding, cutting, or boring operations. Utilization of cutting fluids in the technological process of metalworking often generates aerosols which represent a significant hazard to the safety of workers and to the environment. The paper deals with the research of cutting fluid's impact on aerosol production by expressing particle size distribution. We used a special image analysis algorithm for the data obtained by a high-speed camera to determine the particle size. The procedure of result assessment was created for measuring the size of small droplets and it was implemented in a MATLAB application. Multifactor analysis of variance (ANOVA) and nonparametric analysis of variance were used for statistical result evaluation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.