IntroductionOptimal mental state and physical fitness are crucial factors affecting training of military personnel. Incorporating components aimed at improving mental status and physical composition of soldiers into training programmes can lead to better outcomes. Previously, cold exposure has been used to promote human health in multiple ways, with a plethora of reported benefits. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of regular cold exposure on the psychological status and physical composition of healthy young soldiers in the Czech Army.MethodsA total of 49 (male and female) soldiers aged 19–30 years were randomly assigned to one of the two groups (intervention and control). The participants regularly underwent cold exposure for 8 weeks, in outdoor and indoor environments. Life Satisfaction Questionnaire and InBody 770 device were used to evaluate life satisfaction and body composition, respectively. Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale was used to assess anxiety produced by cold exposure.ResultsTheoretical and practical training in cold immersion in the winter did not induce anxiety. Regular cold exposure led to a significant (p=0.045) increase of 6.2% in self-perceived sexual satisfaction compared with the pre-exposure measurements. Furthermore, considerable increase (6.3% compared with the pre-exposure period) was observed in self-perceived health satisfaction; the change was borderline significant (p=0.052). In men, there was a reduction in waist circumference (1.3%, p=0.029) and abdominal fat (5.5%, p=0.042). Systematic exposure to cold significantly lowered perceived anxiety in the entire test group (p=0.032).ConclusionsCold water exposure can be recommended as an addition to routine military training regimens. Regular exposure positively impacts mental status and physical composition, which may contribute to the higher psychological resilience. Additionally, cold exposure as a part of military training is most likely to reduce anxiety among soldiers.
Telemedicína se rozvíjí v posledních dekádách 20. století a je založena na přenosu zvuku, obrazu a dat stále častěji za využití bezdrátových technologií. V obezitologii se objevuje v praxi od konce 20. století, kdy došlo nejen k rozvoji komunikačních technologií a objevily se první záznamy příjmu potravy přes počítačový software, ale především k velkému nárůstu počtu obézních pacientů. V České republice je v současné době více jak 60 % dospělé populace s diagnózou nadváhy nebo obezity. Telemedicína se uplatňuje především při sběru dat o energetickém příjmu, monitoringu pohybové aktivity, záznamu hladin glykémií a komunikaci mezi terapeutem a pacientem. Využití telemedicíny zvyšuje compliance i adherenci obézních pacientů k léčbě a zvyšuje také jejich motivaci. Telemedicína s možností uchovávání dat, sdílení dat a jejich analýzou je tak postupem, jak snížit náklady na diagnostiku a léčbu obezity.
Autor popisuje možnosti monitorování výskytu neinfekčních onemocnění hromadného výskytu a realizaci preventivních intervenčních programů formou preventivních lékařských prohlídek, řízené fyzické aktivity a dispenzarizace nemocných osob ve zdravotnických, lázeňských a rehabilitačních zařízeních. Vyzdvihuje výhody provádění primárně preventivních opatření v Armádě České republiky.
The following thesis focuses on the issues regarding catering and food and its impact on health and life satisfaction of coalition soldiers during their deployment on a military operation in the Middle East area. Obviously, food is a part of our lifestyle and it is certainly an area affecting our life satisfaction, all the more affecting the life satisfaction of soldiers specifically in an armed conflict environment where they are exposed to higher stress conditions. Furthermore, life satisfaction is one of the variables influencing the work itself. And work influences our lifestyle and vice versa. It can be also said that life satisfaction influenced by the working environment also affects the health of soldiers. It turns out that work satisfaction has a very strong and lasting relationship with life satisfaction, as work is a central factor for most people, influencing their identity Firstly, it was necessary to find out and describe information from the area of catering of troops in field conditions and fighting food rations which can be provided to deployed soldiers. The authors' fundamental research question is how the catering and food in the military operational environment affects the life satisfaction and health of deployed soldiers. To obtain the data, a standardized method, Life satisfaction questionnaire (authors: J. Fahrenberg, M. Myrtek, J. Schumacher and E. Brähler, 2001), was used. Food and catering play a very high role in our lifestyle, affects our health and furthermore, the quality of life in any situation. In life satisfaction, Danish soldiers have higher values, followed by American soldiers, and British men are the least satisfied during the foreign operation. The reasons for differences and their clarification corespondes with the last published "Happines Index" which is investigated annually by the United Nations agency.
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