The iris-optic distance was not statistically significantly different between eyes with severe negative dysphotopsia symptoms and nonsymptomatic eyes. However, when IOL exchange reduced the iris-IOL distance, the severe negative dysphotopsia symptoms resolved.
Generally, the flow method has the advantage of a precise control over the reaction parameters and a facile modification of the reaction conditions, while a continuous flow microwave reactor allows for the quick optimization of reaction conditions owing to the rapid uniform heating. In this study, we developed a "9+4+1 method" to optimize reaction conditions based on comprehensive reaction analysis using a flow microwave reactor. The proposed method is expected to contribute to the synthesis of various fine and bulk chemicals by reducing cost and wastage, and by conserving time.
ABSTRACT.Purpose: To test the hypothesis that pH value of human tears is affected by flow rate. Methods: After stimulation with a drop of 70% alcohol into the ipsilateral nasal cavity tears from the left eyes of 30 healthy volunteers were collected with glass capillaries while flow rate of tear secretion was registered. The pCO 2 , actual and standard pH were determined in the collected samples with the Astrup method. Standard pH is defined as the pH of the sample that has been equilibrated at 37 aeC with a gas mixture having pCO 2 Ω40 mmHg. Results: The flow rate correlated positively and significantly with both the standard pH value (rΩ0.503, p∞0.01) and the pCO 2 (rΩ0.517, p∞0.01) while there was no correlation between the actual pH and the flow rate. Conclusion: Loss of CO 2 from the sample is a cause of serious uncertainty in tear pH determination. A positive flow rate-pH relationship was found for human tears when the uncertainty was removed by determination of the standard pH.
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