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Lightbrown apple moth (LBAM), Epiphyas postvittana Walker was used as a test insect to evaluate a post-harvest oil, C15 Ampol CPD, and a spray oil, C23 Ampol DC-Tron NR, both applied as dips. CPD was much more ef®cacious than C23 DC-Tron NR against exposed third-instar larvae. Higher oil concentrations were required to penetrate and kill larvae sheltering under the calyx of oranges. LBAM eggs were more susceptible to CPD oil than larval stages. LBAM larvae dipped in sublethal doses of oil continued to develop, but the fecundity of both males and females was reduced. DCTron had a signi®cant effect on egglaying. CPD and C23 DC-Tron NR affected the fertility of eggs laid. CPD oil sprayed at 50 ml litre À1 on adult LBAM moths reduced their fertility. Factors contributing to the higher ef®cacy of CPD and its potential use as a post-harvest treatment are discussed.

Green mould (Penicillium digitatum) and sour rot (Geotrichum citri-aurantii) in early season, thin-skinned navel oranges (Citrus sinensis)

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