S U M M A R YThe purpose of this work is to derive a 3-D tomographic image of the shear wave velocity structure of the crust-uppermost mantle in the Aegean area using the group velocities of Rayleigh wave fundamental mode. The database consists of 185 regional earthquakes recorded at broad-band stations that were installed for a period of 6 month in the Aegean area within the framework of a large-scale experiment. In a previous work (Karagianni et al. 2002), an averaged group velocity has been determined using the method of frequency time analysis (FTAN) for each epicentre-station ray path and the data were used in order to determine the local group velocities for different periods over the area covered by the seismic ray paths. Taking into account additional resolution results obtained for the local group velocities, a grid of 0.5 • was adopted for the Aegean area and a local dispersion curve was defined for each gridpoint. More than 80 local dispersion curves were finally inverted using a non-linear inversion approach, deriving the corresponding 1-D shear velocity models. The interpolation of these models resulted in a 3-D S-wave tomographic image of the crust and uppermost mantle in the broader Aegean area. As expected, as a result of the complex tectonic setting of the Aegean area, strong lateral variations of the S-wave velocities of the crust and uppermost mantle of the studied area are found. In the southern Aegean sea, as well as in a large part of the central Aegean sea a thin crust of approximately 20-22 km is observed, whereas the remaining Aegean sea area exhibits a crustal thickness less than 28-30 km. On the contrary, a crustal thickness of 40-46 km is observed in western Greece along the Hellenides mountain range, whereas in the eastern continental Greece the crust has a typical thickness of approximately 30-34 km.For shallow depths (<10 km) low S-wave velocities are observed under the sedimentary basins of the north Aegean sea, the Gulf of Thermaikos (Axios basin) and western Greece. At depths ranging from 10 to 20 km, low S-wave velocities are mainly found in western Greece under Peloponnesus as well as in Rhodes. This low-velocity zone seems to extend along the Hellenic arc and can be correlated to the Hellenides mountain range and the Alpine orogenesis, in agreement with previous P-wave tomographic results. In the southern Aegean sea very low S-wave velocities (3.6-4.0 km s −1 ) are observed at depths of approximately 30-40 km just below the Moho discontinuity, while in the rest of the inner Aegean sea and continental Greece the uppermost mantle is characterized by velocities around 4.3-4.4 km s −1 . This low-velocity zone in the southern Aegean sea can be associated with the high temperatures and the presence of significant percentage partial melt in the mantle wedge of the southern Aegean subduction zone, in agreement with previous studies.

Abstract. We revisit the 1976 Friuli earthquake sequence by combining hypocenters relocation, long period surface wave inversion, field geology and strong motion modelling. We show that fault-related folding is the main active deformation by which the seismic energy was released during the main shock (Ms=6.5) and that some of the surface effects reported in 1976 correspond to widespread bedding planes displacements induced by flexural-slip folding. The fault evolved from blind to semi-blind along strike showing the control of the inherited structural geology on the fault surface break and rupture arrest. Our fault model produces waveforms that fit the accelerograms recorded in the area.

Abstract. We study the 1998 Bovec-Krn mountain (Slovenia) earthquake sequence by combining hypocenters relocation, strong motion inversion, digital elevation modelling and field geology. The main shock (Ms = 5.7), a 12 km right lateral strike-slip event on the Dinaric fault system, occurred on a sub-vertical fault plane. The rupture, confined between 3 and 9 km depth, with no evidence of surface faulting, propagated bilaterally within two structural barriers. The northwestern barrier is at the junction between Dinaric and Alpine structures where there is a sharp change in the geometry of faulting. The southeastern barrier is within the Dinaric system and its surface expression corresponds to the Tolminka-spring perched basin, a 1 km restraining stepover. At this site, the Bovec-Krn earthquake-fault overlaps with a 30 km strike-slip fault segment that is free of aftershocks and could be undergoing an increase of stress. This fault system represents the northern branch of the Idrija right-lateral fault.

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Data from a large-scale experiment which took place in Greece during the period January -July 1997 have been used to investigate the structure of the Aegean area using surface waves. During this experiment, 30 seismic broadband instruments were deployed throughout the whole Greek area. Additional data during the period 1996 -2000 from other temporary networks have been included in the dataset. One hundred eighty-five events with magnitudes 4.0 V M w V 5.5 recorded by these stations have been collected and processed. The individual dispersion curves of the group velocity of Rayleigh waves for each source-station path have been calculated, producing more than 700 paths covering the studied region. These curves have been used to determine Rayleigh group velocity maps using a 2D-tomography method. On the basis of a regionalization of the dispersion measurements, local averaged dispersion curves have been obtained and non-linearly inverted to obtain models of shear-wave velocity versus depth. Since the dispersion curves in the period range 5 s V T V 30 s are mostly affected by the crustal structure, the model velocities are estimated down to a depth of approximately 35 -45 km. The results from the non-linear Hedhehog inversion as applied to a few local dispersion curves show a crustal thickness of approximately 32 km for the Northern Aegean Sea, and a relatively thin crust of approximately 22 -24 km for the Southern Aegean Sea. D

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