The introduction of extended producer responsibility makes original equipment manufacturers formally responsible for take-back, recovery and reuse of discarded products. One of their key problems is to determine to what extent return products must be disassembled and which recovery and disposal options should be applied. On a tactical management level, this involves anticipating problems like meeting (legislative) recovery targets, limited secondary end markets and investments in recycling infrastructure. In this paper, a comprehensive model is presented, which determines an optimal product recovery and disposal strategy for one product type. The objective function takes into account technical, commercial and ecological criteria as well as uncertainty on these criteria due to lack of information, in particular regarding the quality level. Optimization is done on overall net pro® t and occurs using a two-phased DPalgorithm. The applicability of the model is shown in a case study.
We study the solution u(x, t) of the Korteweg‐de Vries equation ut − 6uux + uxxx = 0 with arbitrary initial conditions u(x, 0) = u0(x), u0(x) decaying sufficiently rapidly as |ξ|→∞. Using the method of the inverse scattering transformation we analyse the Gel'fand‐Levitan equation in all coordinate systems moving to the right and give a complete and rigorous description of the emergence of solitons.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.