ObjectiveCognitive function impairment is a well-documented complication of
cerebrovascular disease (CBVD). Less is known about what factors affect the
deterioration of cognitive function in patients with coronary artery disease
(CAD). The aim of this review is to explore recent studies investigating
factors associated with cognitive function in patients with CAD.MethodsStudies published from 2010 to 2016 were identified through a systematic
search of MEDLINE/PubMed and were included if they addressed factors
affecting cognitive function in the CAD population.ResultsOf the 227 publications identified, 32 were selected for the review. Five
factors tentatively affecting cognitive function in patients with CAD were
identified: coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery, apolipoprotein
E4 (APOE4) genotype, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), medication
use, and various hormones and biomarkers.ConclusionNew techniques in CABG surgery have proven to alleviate postoperative
cognitive decline. Researchers are still debating the effects of APOE4
genotype, LVEF, and the use of cardiovascular medications on cognitive
function. Thyroid hormones and biomarkers are associated with cognitive
function, but the exact nature of the association is debatable. Longitudinal
studies should clarify those associations. In addition, cross-sectional
studies addressing other causes of cognitive decline in patients with CAD
are warranted.
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