We show that the Gent‐McWilliams tracer transport parameterization greatly improves the ability of the GFDL ocean general circulation model to simulate vertical profiles of both temperature and bomb radiocarbon with a single set of model parameter values. This parameterization, which includes new advection terms as well as isopycnal mixing, has previously been shown to greatly improve simulated temperature fields. Here, we show that it does not markedly affect the already good simulation of oceanic absorption of bomb radiocarbon, and discuss the reasons for this result.
We review spatially homogeneous, axially symmetric universes containing either an ideal fluid (with a γ-law equation of state) or a uniform magnetic field parallel to the symmetry axis or both. In many cases, the field equations may be solved by the technique (described in detail) of replacing the cosmic time by a suitably chosen timelike parameter. We systematically derive all known exact solutions for such universes.
A simple model for the current history of plasma focus experiments is presented. The presence of a leak current which does not pass through the plasma sheath is allowed. Results are found to compare quite well with those of much more sophisticated two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic calculations. For the Frascati experiment, which has detailed current measurements, computed results do not agree with experimentally derived values. A reasonable match for the total current in the Frascati experiment can be found by lowering the leak current. Both total and leak current can be matched if a mass loss from the run-down region is allowed.
The equations for nonplanar relativistic flow are solved by similarity analysis for a restricted set of problems. The relativistic equation of state p = 13 E is used. The solutions obtained are for flow resulting from a point source of energy at the origin, having a power law time dependence. The results are applied to the problem of spherical shock propagation into a medium and to the problem of cosmic ray generation from supernovae. It is found that the predicted spectrum of cosmic rays is somewhat steeper than is actually observed.
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