The purposes of this study were (1) to assess internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the Prospective Memory Questionnaire (PMQ) developed by Hannon and associates; (2) to compare PMQ self-ratings of adults with brain injury versus younger and older noninjured adults; (3) to develop short-term and long-term tasks for measuring actual prospective memory performance; and (4) to study the relationship between scores on the PMQ and the prospective memory tasks. Internal consistency of the PMQ was .92 and test-retest reliability was .88. Groups differed significantly on only one PMQ subscale. Actual prospective memory performance was significantly worse for adults with brain injury and older adults than for younger adults on two of the three sets of summary measures. PMQ self-ratings were significantly but weakly correlated with short-term task performance, but not with long-term task performance. Implications of the findings for assessment and treatment of prospective memory impairment are discussed.
Academic interest in applications of rhetoric to social issues is undergoing a revival. This paper develops a rhetorical analysis of discourse generated by men who have been recently violent towards women. The texts have been drawn from transcribed interviews with 14 men who had recently begun or were about to attend stopping violence programmes. Each 90-minute interview prompted the men on their views towards women, violence and relationships. A range of rhetorical devices within the texts were identified and their effect was analysed. This paper focuses on five devices: reference ambiguity, axiom markers, metaphor, synecdoche and metonymy. The strategic effects of each device are discussed with close reference to sample passages from the transcripts. The paper explores how these rhetorical devices resource discourses of male dominance and entitlement to power, and how these in turn resource men in their violence towards women. Increased sensitivity to the nuanced effects of the rhetoric is seen to improve understanding of how men justify, camouflage and maintain positions of dominance within relationships with women.
In this new environment of mass consumption, efforts in developing treatment responses to problem gambling need to be balanced with, at least, equal efforts in developing public health responses. With the expansion of commercial gambling occurring globally, international agencies could play a critical role in supporting public health initiatives.
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