Overall technical quality of treatment was comparable to the higher rates found in the general adult population. Additionally thermal obturation may be superior to cold lateral condensation in improving obturation quality, and anxiety negatively impacts on treatment provision.
This case reinforces the importance of careful investigation and planning in ensuring an optimal outcome when addressing multiple dental anomalies. Extensive consideration of the initial treatment strategy is required, coupled with evaluation of the outcome and longevity of any potential treatment modality to be employed. The consideration of inevitable future restorative treatment is fundamental, highlighting the importance of multidisciplinary planning at diagnosis. Moreover, orthodontic, aesthetic, behavioural and/or social factors may further complicate management in adolescents.
Oxford Assess and Progress: Clinical Dentistry features over 270 Single Best Answer questions. Written and peer-reviewed by clinicians working within each specialty and mapped to dental school curricula, this is an authoritative guide for dental students providing a wealth of revision. Organised by specialties, chapter introductions unlock difficult subjects with hints and tips. Each question is accompanied by detailed answers explaining the rationale behind right and wrong answers. Cross-references to the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Dentistry and further reading resources, expand your revision further. A four star rating system indicating question difficulty to monitor your progress as you learn. Key words also help highlight specific clues or words that can assist with recall. Oxford Assess and Progress: Clinical Dentistry is your prescription for exam succcess.
Endodontics remains a rapidly advancing branch of restorative dentistry. It is highly likely that, by the time this book is published, several new or updated endodontic file systems will have been released. Despite the fairly rapid technological advances that the profession has seen, the key principles of endodontic treatment remain the same: 1. Eliminate microorganisms from the root canal system 2. Prevent reinfection of the root canal system 3. Retain a functional natural tooth. Whilst these principles are easy to discuss, they are consistently difficult to perform, due, in large part, to the complexity of the root canal system. Multiple theories, principles, and approaches have been discussed to help achieve an optimal technical and clinical outcome. However, evidence to favour one specific stage or system over another is lacking, and as such, a large degree of operator preference and experience will ultimately influence the treatment planning and technical strategy. Much like baking a cake, endodontic treatment relies upon a series of procedural steps to achieve a desirable outcome, which, for the patient, often equates to a functional, pain-free natural tooth. Good- quality magnification remains a key component of an endodontist’s armamentarium, and dental loupes or a dental operating microscope could not be recommended more highly. Key topics include: ● Endodontic case assessment, including root canal anatomy ● Pain management, including local anaesthesia ● Access and canal identification ● Vital pulp therapy, including caries management ● Canal negotiation and instrumentation ● Root canal irrigation ● Root canal obturation ● Restoration of the endodontically treated tooth.
The ability to practise dentistry and provide invasive treatments to patients is based on the ability to make such procedures comfortable and acceptable for patients to tolerate, as well as manage post- operative pain. A good working knowledge of the different treatment modalities available, and analgesic agents that can be prescribed, is key to effective management of patients. This must include the indications and limitations of each modality. The pharmacology of most drugs used in modern- day dentistry has changed very little since their introduction, some as far back as 100 years ago. However, it is important to understand the processes regarding their method of action, their effect on the human body, and their indications and contraindications. All of these factors must be considered to maximize the clinical benefit to the patient. Several guidelines regarding the use of conscious sedation in dentistry have recently been introduced, and it is important that those wishing to provide conscious sedation and refer patients appropriately familiarize themselves with these guidelines. Key topics include: ● Principles of analgesia, anaesthesia, and conscious sedation ● Pharmacology and pharmacodynamics of commonly used pharmacological agents ● Indications and contraindications of commonly used pharmacological agents ● Conscious sedation with nitrous oxide ● Conscious sedation with midazolam ● General anaesthesia ● Treatment planning for conscious sedation and general anaesthesia ● Managing complications and adverse reactions
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