Periodontal health is an important component of oral health. Numerous studies prove the progressing nature of periodontal diseases and their dependence on a number of demographic and socio-economic factors. The purpose of the study is to examine the periodontal status of the active age population in the Republic of Bulgaria and to define its dependence on social and demographic factors. To accomplish the study goals epidemiological and survey cards were developed and approbated and epidemiological study was conducted, including clinical dental examination and anonymous survey among 416 Bulgarian citizens aged 18 to 65 years. The results were statistically analyzed to establish the dependencies between the periodontal status and socio-demographic factors. Only 69 (16.59%) of the study subjects have no periodontal problems (CPI = 0) in all sextants, while all other patients have different degrees of periodontal disease. One can witness an increase of the periodontal disease incidence, proportional to the age of the patients, as well as its decrease with increasing the frequency of dental visits on behalf of the patients and their oral health self-assessment. Healthy periodontal tissues prevail in young patients and urban population. Gingival inflammation and calculus are prevalent among middle-aged people, rural population as well as in individuals of lower educational level. Periodontal pockets of varying depths are being registered mostly among the older people and the subjects with low and average income. Higher severity of the periodontal pathology is observed in individuals of lower educational levels and lower income. These facts verify the conclusion about an inadequate state commitment as regards the dental health problems of the population, while bearing in mind that the treatment of periodontal conditions is not reimbursed by NHIF.
Dental health is an important public health component. There is a number of dependencies between the demographic and social characteristics of the population and its dental status. The purpose of the study is to examine the dental status of the active age population in the Republic of Bulgaria and to define its dependence on social and demographic factors. Epidemiologic study and inquiry survey were conducted among 416 Bulgarian citizens aged 18–65 years in six district towns for achieving the aim. The results were processed and subjected to statistical analysis with significance factor 95% (p = 0.05). Prevalence per persons (EP) for the studied sample is 98.56%, teeth prevalence (ET) has an average value of 52.7%, while the dental caries intensity (DMFT) is 16.25. Caries incidence and intensity increases with age as a result of a proportional increase in the number of obturated and extracted teeth with patients’ ageing. The average number of treated teeth is bigger in individuals with higher education and at the same time, this group has lower average number of extracted teeth. Lower average number of extracted teeth is also reported in persons with high income compared to those on minimal wages and parallel the average number of obturated teeth increases proportionally to the income increase. There is distinct dental status dependence in the active age Bulgarian population on demographic and social factors. Persons, paying regular visits to the dental office, have lower number of caries and extracted teeth, which supports the importance of dental prophylaxis.
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