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Synopsis"Pyran" copolymer, the 2:1 regularly alternating cyclocopolymer (DVE-MA) of maleic anhydride (MA) and divinyl ether (DVE), first discovered in 1951, has been investigated extensively, both from the standpoint of its chemical structure and its biological activity. Although certain aspects of its structure remain to be determined, it has been shown to possess a wide spectrum of biological activity. It possesses antitumor activity and has been investigated clinically. During the clinical investigation, it was found to be an interferon inducer. Interferon is a protein which appears to be the body's first line of defense against viral infection. D V E M A also possesses antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antiarthritic, and anticoagulant properties, activates macrophages, inhibits reverse transcriptase, and is capable of elimination of Pu. During the course of investigations in these laboratories, many structural modifications of DVE-MA have been made. Many of these modifications also possess considerable antitumor activity and interferon-induction capability. Perhaps the most interesting structural modification has been the incorporation of 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) into the polymer (NSC 255083). This polymer has shown ( T / C ) I , [= ratio of test (7') to control (C) survival times] = 189 for dose by intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg/kg animal weight in CDBF, mice (6/6 survivors after fifth day) against P388 lymphocytic leukemia. This article describes the synthesis of both the monomer and copolymer, and a study of the hydrolytic rate of release of 5-FU from the polymer.

Immunoaffinity column-based sample preparation procedures for determination of aflatoxins B1, B2,G1, and G2 in several food matrixes and aflatoxin M1 in milk have been automated by using flexible automation, or robotics. Components used to assemble the system were purchased commercially or developed and built in-house. A liquid-level sensor developed in-house to assist elution of the immunoaffinity column is described. After immunoaf finity column cleanup, aflatoxins are separated by reversed-phase liquid chromatography and determined by fluorescence without derivatization.Mean recoveries of aflatoxins B1, B2, and G1 added to corn and nuts at 9-36 ng/g total aflatoxins were >85% (coefficient of variation [CV] = 16%). Recoveries of aflatoxin G2 averaged 50% (CV = 28%). Recoveries of aflatoxin M1 added to milk at 0.120.50 ng/mL averaged 78% (CV = 19%). The ability of the automated system to reproduce its results is demonstrated by the fact that the CV of replicate assays is generally better than 10%. Comparability between the automated procedure and the AOAC official method is demonstrated.

A series of oxopyrazoline-4-spiro-oxirans and EARLIER efforts to rationalize the isolation of an oxopyrazoline-4-spiro-oxiran as the chief product of the photooxidation in acetone of an oxopyrazolidine2 encouraged us to determine whether the oxopyrazoline-4-spiro-oxirans (1) might serve as precursors for novel oxopyrazoline carbenes On the basis of previous experience3 we expected that the electrocyclic opening of the oxirans (1) would occur pre-4-diazo-3-methyll-phenyl-5-0~0-2-pyrazoline have been photolysed to generate reactive intermediates incorporating the pyrazolinone ring, which have been trapped with nucleophilic solvents and investigated by spectroscopic techniques.

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