Células experimentais (lisímetros) possibilitam entender o comportamento de aterros de RSU e representam uma técnica bastante interessante para obter parâmetros de projetos, dimensionamento e construção de aterros, além do mais pode fornecer contribuições na área de saneamento através de monitoramento de processos. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o processo biodegradativo dos resíduos depositados em uma célula experimental correlacionando parâmetros como recalque, temperatura e contagem de microrganismos. O monitoramento mostrou que há uma relação entre estes parâmetros. Verificou-se que a temperatura no lisímetro variou no decorrer do processo possivelmente devido às mudanças de fases de decomposição dos resíduos. Os estudos vislumbram uma nova abordagem para recalques em RSU mostrando a ocorrência de três fazes distintas de deformações verticais e a íntima ligação de processos biodegradativos e aspectos mecânicos.
This work is an experimental test, which seeks to demonstrate studies of wastes of useless tires incorporated into concrete, giving them a final destination as a product. Three (3) traces of the concrete were produced, calculated by the ABCP (Brazilian Portland Cement Association) method, where 1 (one) had no rubber residue and in the other two the volume of the aggregate was respectively replaced by 10% and 15% of the reused additive. In the compression tests the test specimens obtained values below the 35 Mpa defined by ABNT NBR 9781 for interlocked floors, in which the maximum value obtained was 25.98 Mpa for body with 10% of rubber residue of useless tire, value close to the maximum resistance obtained for the test pieces without rubber, which was 26.36 MPa. With the results obtained, it was observed that the concrete added of rubber aggregate reaches values close to those without residues, to reach 35 Mpa it will be necessary a greater control of the manufacturing environment and the use of a cement of high resistance.
<abstract>
<p>The worldwide generation of construction and demolition waste is about 30% to 35% of the total solid waste produced annually. In addition, the extraction of minerals leaves a high-grade environmental liability with tailings, such as kaolin clay, Brazil being one of the countries with the largest deposits and production of this mineral in the world. The kaolin clay extraction serves several industries such as ceramics, crockery, and paper, among others. The objective of this work is to insert these two wastes as raw material of construction elements, specifically masonry concrete blocks, thus giving an end to the residues, demonstrating their reutilization potential. Here, blocks were manufactured with replacement of natural aggregates, stone powder, and sand, by construction and demolition waste and of kaolin clay waste. The replacement percentages were up to 34% and 16%, respectively. The blocks made with pneumatic vibration compacting procedure presented strength beyond than what is established by norm, thus giving a favorable perspective of use for these residues as building elements.</p>
</abstract>
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