No abstract

We have examined, by light-microscopic immunocytochemistry, the distribution of GABA in the optic nerves of adult rabbits, rats, and cats. Within the optic nerves, immunoreactivity for GABA was restricted to a small subset of axons; some axons were strongly labelled, others weakly labelled, whilst most axons were unlabelled. Glia and other non-neuronal elements were always unlabelled. Our ability to detect GABA in optic nerve axons of adult mammals contrasts with previous reports that indicate a lack of GABA immunoreactivity in such axons. We suggest that this discrepancy may be due to the sensitivity of our immunocytochemical techniques which enable us to detect low concentrations of GABA.

Purpose Determine how an interprofessional simulation influences learners' perceptions, role-identification, selfefficacy, and intention to collaborate with other professions on pain issues. Methods This was a quality improvement initiative. An interprofessional education activity was conducted focusing on pain management student learners from medicine, pharmacy, nursing, physical and occupational therapy. Sequential questionnaires were administered pre-and post-participation in two interprofessional education events utilizing a simulated patient case depicted by standardized patients. Results In total, 433 students participated. Across all domains, increased odds of reporting a more favorable response after exposure to each activity was recorded (OR between 1.45 and 9.07). Conclusion The results demonstrate significant positive effects after participation in interprofessional education activities. The large number and variety of student participants, response rates on the questionnaire, and high level of overall positive responses make these results valuable for shaping this activity and may inform other university education initiatives.