Direct electrochemical production of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) through two-electron oxygen electrochemistry, the oxygen reduction in fuel cells or water oxidation in water electrolyzers, could provide an attractive alternative to locally produce such chemical on demand. The efficiency of these processes depends greatly on the availability of cost-effective catalysts with high selectivity, activity and stability. In recent years, various novel nanostructured materials have been reported to selectively produce H 2 O 2 . Through combined experimental and theoretical approaches, underlying mechanisms in the electrochemical synthesis of H 2 O 2 via oxygen electrochemistry have been unveiled. Considering the remarkable progress in this area, we summarize recent development regarding the direct production of H 2 O 2 through two-Received: ((will be filled in by the editorial staff))Revised: ((will be filled in by the editorial staff))

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