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We report a new class of polyphenyl polysulfides synthesized by condensation reactions between 4,4′-thiobisbenzenethiol (TBBT) and sulfur with four different molar ratios in a toluene/carbon disulfide mixture at room temperature.

Lithium-ion batteries have received significant attention over the last decades due to the wide application of portable electronics and increasing deployment of electric vehicles. In order to further enhance the performance of the batteries and overcome the capacity limitations of inorganic electrode materials, it is imperative to explore new cathode and functional materials for rechargeable lithium batteries. Organosulfur materials containing sulfur−sulfur bonds as a kind of promising organic electrode materials have the advantages of high capacities, abundant resources, tunable structures, and environmental benignity. In addition, organosulfur materials have been widely used in almost every aspect of rechargeable batteries because of their multiple functionalities. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on the development of organosulfur materials including the synthesis and application as cathode materials, electrolyte additives, electrolytes, binders, active materials in lithium redox flow batteries, and other metal battery systems. We also give an in-depth analysis of structure−property−performance relationship of organosulfur materials, and guidance for the future development of organosulfur materials for next generation rechargeable lithium batteries and beyond.

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ForL i-Se batteries,e ther-a nd carbonate-based electrolytes are commonly used. However,b ecause of the "shuttle effect" of the highly dissoluble long-chain lithium polyselenides (LPSes,Li 2 Se n ,4 n 8) in the ether electrolytes and the sluggish one-step solid-solid conversion between Se and Li 2 Se in the carbonate electrolytes,alarge amount of porous carbon (> 40 wt %i nt he electrode) is always needed for the Se cathodes,which seriously counteracts the advantage of Se electrodes in terms of volumetric capacity.H erein an acetonitrile-based electrolyte is introduced for the Li-Se system, and atwo-plateau conversion mechanism is proposed. This new Li-Se chemistry not only avoids the shuttle effect but also facilitates the conversion between Se and Li 2 Se,e nabling an efficient Se cathode with high Se utilization (97 %) and enhanced Coulombic efficiency.M oreover,w ith such ad esigned electrolyte,ahighly compact Se electrode (2.35 g Se cm À3) with ar ecord-breaking Se content (80 wt %) and high Se loading (8 mg cm À2)i sd emonstrated to have as uperhigh volumetric energy density of up to 2502 Wh L À1 ,s urpassing that of LiCoO 2 .