Energy efficiency, power system reliability and the environmental impact of fossil fuel plants are all drivers for more intelligent or smart grids. We discuss a Perfect Power System, a smart micro grid with system redundancy, and implement a test bed to demonstrate smart grid concepts such as demand response, onsite generation, automated lighting system control, and ambient temperature control. We conclude that the integration of Zigbee modules in building control systems will enable greater levels of building energy management, reduce energy consumption and potentially result in significant cost savings.
Smart grid, as an intelligent power generation, distribution, and control system, needs various communication systems to meet its requirements. The ability to communicate seamlessly across multiple networks and domains is an open issue which is yet to be adequately addressed in smart grid architectures. In this paper, we present a framework for end-to-end interoperability in home and building area networks within smart grids. 6LoWPAN and the compact application protocol are utilized to facilitate the use of IPv6 and Zigbee application profiles such as Zigbee smart energy for network and application layer interoperability, respectively. A differential service medium access control scheme enables end-to-end connectivity between 802.15.4 and IP networks while providing quality of service guarantees for Zigbee traffic over Wi-Fi. We also address several issues including interference mitigation, load scheduling, and security and propose solutions to them.
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