This study presents an experimental investigation of CO2flowing condensation at the saturation temperature of-10°C, mass flux in the range from 40 to 60kgm-2s-1and vapour quality ranging from 0.2 to 0.8, in a 6.52mm inside diameter horizontal tube. Previous research on refrigerant condensation has shown that under these conditions, CO2two phases are expected to develop as a stratified flow. The significant feature of the stratified flow heat transfer is vapour film condensation in the upper region which dominates the overall heat transfer process. Test series in this study confirm that the saturation-to-tube wall temperature difference has a significant influence on the condensing heat transfer coefficient when the temperature difference is within 3K. Comparisons between the experimental results and the predictions by the Dobson, Cavallini and Thome models show that CO2stratified flow condensation heat transfer coefficients are over-predicted by these models with mean deviations of 104%, 81% and 127%, respectively.
Purpose: Bladder cancer (BCa) is a common malignancy in the urinary system. This study aims to explore the role of miR-186 in BCa tumorigenesis. Methods: The expression of miR-186 and ADAMTS12 in clinical BCa tissues and cell lines was detected. BCa cell lines T24, 5637 and EJ were used to transfect miR-186 mimics or inhibitors. Luciferase reporter gene detection confirmed the correlation between miR-186 and ADAMTS12. MTT method and flow cytometry were used to detect cell viability and apoptosis. Cell migration and invasion ability was detected by transwell assay. The protein level of ADAMTS12, β-catenin, GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β was determined using western blot analysis. Results: MiR-186 was negatively correlated with the expression of ADAMTS12 in BCa tissues. Further research confirmed that ADAMTS12 is the direct target of miR-186. In addition, overexpression of miR-186 down-regulated the expression of ADAMTS12,inhibiting cell viability and apoptosis, while knockout of miR-186 led to the opposite result. miR-186 also inhibits the phosphorylation of GSK-3 β and β-catenin without changing the total GSK-3β level. Our study shows that miR-186 has a negative regulatory effecton the expression of ADAMTS12 in clinical specimens and in vitro. miR-186 can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of BCa cells. Conclusions: miR-186 has the potential to be used as a biomarker in the early detection of BCa. Keywords: Purpose: Bladder cancer (BCa) is a common malignancy in the urinary system. This study aims to explore the role of miR-186 in BCatumorigenesis.Methods: The expression of miR-186 and ADAMTS12 in clinical BCa tissues and cell lines was detected. BCa cell lines T24, 5637 andEJ were used to transfect miR-186 mimics or inhibitors. Luciferase reporter gene detection confirmed the correlation between miR-186 and ADAMTS12. MTT method and flow cytometry were used to detect cell viability and apoptosis. Cell migration and invasionability was detected by transwell assay. The protein level of ADAMTS12, β-catenin, GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β was determined usingwestern blot analysis.Results: MiR-186 was negatively correlated with the expression of ADAMTS12 in BCa tissues. Further research confirmed thatADAMTS12 is the direct target of miR-186. In addition, overexpression of miR-186 down-regulated the expression of ADAMTS12,inhibiting cell viability and apoptosis, while knockout of miR-186 led to the opposite result. miR-186 also inhibits the phosphorylationof GSK-3 β and β-catenin without changing the total GSK-3β level. Our study shows that miR-186 has a negative regulatory effecton the expression of ADAMTS12 in clinical specimens and in vitro. miR-186 can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of BCa cells.Conclusions: miR-186 has the potential to be used as a biomarker in the early detection of BCa.Keywords: miR-186; ADAMTS12; bladder cancer; proliferation; metastasis biomarker.
Speech under G-force which produced when speaker was under different acceleration of gravity was analyzed and researched, considered as principal part and stressed part to research. An isolated word recognition approach was proposed which combined difference subspace means with dynamic time warping technique. The method recognized speech under G-force by constructing a difference subspace to remove the stressed part. Dynamic time warping technique was adopted to make all feature vectors of one word in the training set have equal length, and a corresponding decision criterion was suggested. For a small vocabulary including 15 words, the method obtained the average recognition rate of 98.3%, which almost equal to the rate in normal environment. The method not only worked well in normal conditions but also had good performance for speech under G-force.
Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is one of the ideal powers of low-power portable electrical devices, witch is cheap, safe, easy to store and rich source of fuel, and is more and more attentive and researched in recent years. In this paper, graphite electrode samples were coated by chemical plating Co and then by vacuum ion plating Pt. The microstructure of samples were observed by scanning electron microscope SEM and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry to analyze XRF then determined the surface composition of graphite electrode. The electrocatalysis properties of graphite electrodes were studied by electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS), cyclic voltammeter (CV) and linear sweep voltammeter (LSV). The results show that electrocatalysis properties of methanol on the electrode was stronger as the chemical plating time extended and methanol concentration increase if the parameters of the plating Pt in a vacuum ion plating process was unchanged, and Co Chemical Plating time was shouter than 120s.
In vitriolic electrolyte, DC power supply is used on 7075 aluminum alloy to have anodic oxidation treatment then let the oxidized samples have a treatment of electroless plating. Surface morphology of the coating and performance of corrosion wear are studied by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and friction and wear experimental machine. The results show that unsealed oxide coating have many holes and cracks, which are extremely badly-distributed; corrosion resistance of the oxide coatings which have the treatment of electroless plating have improved, having lower coefficient of friction and better performance of corrosion wear; besides; coefficient of friction of the samples in water is higher than that in salt water, its wear amount is less.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.