Intravascular proliferations of the skin are clinically heterogeneous and may present with a wide range of clinical features, including violaceous papules, nodules, plaques, or other unspecific cutaneous lesions. Histopathologically, these conditions are characterized by proliferation of different cell types within the lumina of dermal vessels and endothelial cell hyperplasia. Immunohistochemistry is the best tool to identify the nature of the intravascular proliferating cells and the type of involved vessel. In this review, we analyzed the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of intravascular large cell lymphoma, T-cell and natural killer-cell intravascular large cell lymphoma, intralymphatic variant of CD30+ cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders, benign atypical intralymphatic CD30+ T-cell proliferation, reactive angioendotheliomatosis, intralymphatic histiocytosis, papillary intralymphatic angioendothelioma or Dabska tumor, glomeruloid hemangioma, papillary hemangioma, intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia or Masson phenomenon, and the intralymphatic involvement of Merkel cell carcinoma, cutaneous metastases, and cutaneous angiosarcoma.
An experimental facility has been designed to study the transversal and response associated with vortex-induced vibration of a totally submerged horizontal cylinder hang on horizontally elastic support under the influence of vertical harmonic oscillating motion. The study aims to analyze the vortex self induced vibration (VSIV) phenomena, which occurs for instance with Steel Catenary Risers (SRCs) the deep offshore connected to floating platforms. These vibrations occur even in the absence of a current. The experiments were conducted in a tank at the LOC/COPPE/UFRJ (Laboratory of Waves and Current of COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro). The tests were carried out with Keulegan-Carpenter numbers equal to 10 and 20 and for several exciting frequencies. The vertical trajectories of the VSIV motion were then classified based on its different configurations such as oval-shape, eight-shape and etc. Different ranges of reduced velocities were also considered. The amplitude and frequency of transversal motion and also the forces calculated.
An infant boy was born at 36 weeks of gestation with a birthweight of 2650 g. Shortly after birth, extensive desquamation and hair alterations were noticeable. On physical examination, erythroderma, intense palmoplantar desquamation, and generalized scaling were seen (Figure 1). Hypotrichosis and high anterior hairline could be observed. Facial features were remarkable for low-set ears, birdlike facies, microcephaly, and micrognathia (Figure 2). On neurological exam, he was hypertonic, showing en-bloc movements, hyperreflexia, and flexural posturing of the limbs. He suffered from conjunctivitis and omphalitis in the first and second weeks of life. Blood tests showed anemia and neutropenia. Scanning electron microscopy (Figure 3) and polarized light (Figure 4) microscopy examination of the hair were performed.
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