Two Peruvian strains of the genus Brachionus were isolated from impacted coastal wetlands. With an integrative taxonomic view, we described their taxonomic status, morphological characters, productive parameters, and phylogenetic position. In the case of both strains, the relationship between biometrics and productive parameters obtained with Principal Components Analysis indicated that the lorica length was associated with longevity, progeny, egg production, and reproductive age, while the lorica width and aperture were associated with the maximum number of eggs carried. Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analysis carried out with mtDNA COI gene and rDNA ITS1 region showed that both strains were clustered in two clades with distinct phylogenetic positioning from what is currently known for Brachionus plicatilis s.l. One of the strains, Z010-VL, is proposed to be a subspecies of L4 (B. paranguensis), and the other strain, Z018-SD, is proposed as a sub species of SM2 (B. koreanus). In addition, 33 and 31 aquaculture production lineages are proposed, delimited by COI and concatenated COI+ITS1 sequences, respectively. Finally, this study provides new tools that enhance the traceability of the origin of each sub-species throughout the world.
Se empezó un monocultivo a partir de una hembra partenogenética de la cepa Simocephalus mixtus imarpe sp. nov. IMP-BG-Z021 de la laguna Jitarayoc o Guitarra Yoc en la Región Ayacucho sobre 4600 msnm. Se evaluó el crecimiento diario de una muestra (n= 60) nacidos en un intervalo de 8 horas, el fitness fue alterado al medir los mismos individuos a lo largo de su vida, observándose un comportamiento resistente a la manipulación. Los individuos fueron criados en un beaker de medio litro dentro de una cámara climática a 16 °C, fotoperiodo 14:12 O: L, salinidad 0‰ y fueron alimentados con la microalga Chlorella sp. Se registraron los parámetros longevidad (75 días), progenie (20,4 crías/hembra en promedio), etapa pre reproductiva (8 días), reproductiva y post reproductiva casi ausente. Además, se consideraron los parámetros biométricos longitud y ancho durante el desarrollo de las crías (708,99 µm) hasta su adultez (2063,39 µm) y eclosión de huevos de resistencia o efipio al aumentar 8 °C dela temperatura en la que se desarrolló. La tasa de crecimiento individual fue k= 13,69 y su longitud máxima fue 2750 µm. Se propone la relación de procesos de especiación con las características geológicas del hábitat, así como la conservación de esta cepa como organismos andinos aptos para experimentación y alimento vivo nativo debido a su rusticidad al manejo y adaptación a temperaturas templadas.
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