The simulation and the binaural recording of sounds produced by large crowds and rain impact sounds has produced an unexpected result. The listeners have reported that the auditory events were mainly concentrated to the left and to right, although the sound sources were equally distributed around the listeners. A similar result was reported with binaural recordings of applause. The results of a binaural signal analysis suggest that the key aspect regarding the lateral position dominance of the auditory events is connected to the sections where the cross-correlation coefficient assumes negative values. A comparison between normalized and non-normalized cross-correlation function predictions indicates that the latter is a better predictor for the cases studied. An adaptation period of several seconds was reported by several listeners. It is suggested that this adaptation period is related to the variations of the cross-correlation, which only average out after, approximately 2 s. The binaural impulse responses of a concert hall at two different listener positions have been analyzed in the light of the previous findings. In particular the diffuse sound field buildup will be analyzed in detail. Implications for the auditory source width and listener envelopment will be discussed.
The augmented-reality virtual-diffusion system presented here aims to evaluate the comfort of a subject listening to a nearby speaker located in a room filled with a diffuse crowd. The main parameter to be studied is sound field diffusion and its relation to comfort. To this purpose a virtual diffusion system, based on electro acoustic transducers mounted on the walls, is employed to actively change the properties of the diffuse sound field. The augmented reality factor is introduced through the interaction of the virtual diffusion system with the acoustics of the room. The present paper presents a brief description of the approach chosen to implement the augmented-reality virtual-diffusion system. Diffusion measurements obtained with both virtual and real diffusers are compared. Results regarding auditory events location evoked by different sound fields and predictions from a cross-correlation-based binaural model employed to model these results are discussed. Initial results relative to comfort evoked by the different sound fields as well as a possible relation between auditory events location and listener comfort are discussed.
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