The ophthalmic applications of a diffractive trifocal lens design with adjustable add powers and light distribution in the foci are investigated. Axial PSFs of the trifocal lenses are calculated and analyzed as a function of the design parameters and the eye pupil size. The optical performance in actual eyes is also simulated by including the measured ocular wave aberration functions of human eyes in the calculation of transverse and axial PSFs, and Strehl ratio axial variation. The effect of the polychromatic character of natural light has also been considered. The calculus and simulation method of this paper can be applied for the design and analysis of any other kind of diffractive or refractive multifocal contact or intraocular lens.
In this Letter, we introduce an analytic procedure for designing diffractive lenses using the combination of wavefronts aberrated by Zernike polynomials. We show how to design amplitude-only, phase-only, continuous, and binary lenses providing equivalent results. As an example we apply it to the design of a multiple-axis, multifocal lens. The number of foci and their positions can be easily controlled. Theoretical predictions have been experimentally confirmed. The main advantage of this procedure is that, because it is simple and intuitive, it can be used successfully for the design of complex lenses.
The extinction theorem has been applied to the study of wave scattering from a non-single-valued surface composed of an infinitely long cylinder on a flat substrate, both of which are assumed to be perfect conductors. Cylinder diameters ranging from 0.1 to 4λ (λ being the incident wavelength) are considered. The calculation method is discussed for this kind of geometry. The study has been performed for both S (perpendicular) and P (parallel) polarizations when the direction of an incident Gaussian beam is perpendicular to the cylinder axis and the direction of the scattered wave is in the plane of incidence. The surface-current density on the flat substrate and on the cylinder has also been analyzed.
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